Transcript GOODS MOVEMENT & Air Quality Considerations

GOODS MOVEMENT
& Air Quality Considerations
Presented by
Larry Greene, Executive Director
Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District
(SMAQMD)
Goods Movement Policy
January 25, 2005 – State of California Policy
Improving goods movement in California is a high
priority for the Governor due to economic &
quality of life issues.
California will improve & expand the goods
movement industry & infrastructure in a manner
that:
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Generates jobs
Increases mobility and reduces traffic congestion
Improves air quality and protects public health
Enhances public and port safety
Improves quality of life
What Increases are Expected?
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The Federal Highway Administration projects freight
movement through California to increase 79% between
1998 and 2025.
In the Central Valley annual truck vehicle miles are
expected to increase 60% from 4,677 billion miles in 2005
to 7,758 billion miles in 2025.
Increased rail capacity and planned improvements will
allow utilization of railroads for transporting more goods.
Sacramento International and Mather airports master
plans forecast a 61% (aggregated) increase in freight
from 2005 to 2020.
The Port of Sacramento will likely see increases.
Does Increased Goods Movement
Mean Increased Emissions?
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The Goods Movement Action Plan, Phase I
recognizes the potential increase in air emissions.
The Phase II Progress Report identifies the
details needed to implement the Governor’s
Policy, including…
The California Air Resources Board (CARB) is in
the process of developing an Emissions Reduction
Plan for Ports and International Goods Movement
to address the potential increase in air emissions
and related health impacts.
What role will the local air district, SMAQMD play?
SMAQMD Mission
“Achieve clean air goals by leading
the region in protecting public
health and the environment
through innovative and effective
programs, dedicated staff,
community involvement and public
education.”
Air Quality Issues
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Ozone
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Particulate Matter
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Federal non-attainment area
Must attain between 2013 and 2019
State non-attainment area
Under the new proposed Federal standard will be
non-attainment
Climate Change
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Growing awareness of urgency to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions
Adds impetus for ozone and particulate matter
reductions
Driven By Health Effects
Ozone is a strong irritant that can cause constriction of
the airways, forcing the respiratory system to work
harder in order to provide oxygen
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Aggravated respiratory disease such as emphysema, bronchitis
and asthma
Reduced resistance to infection, increased fatigue, or
weakened athletic performance
Particulate matter consists of very small liquid and solid
particles that can be inhaled deep into the lung
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Short term exposure aggravates lung disease, can create
asthma attacks or acute bronchitis, linked to heart attacks,
arrhythmias
Long term exposure associated with reduced lung function,
chronic bronchitis and premature death
Diesel particulate is a toxic air contaminant – cancer risk
Environmental Impacts
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Ozone can damage crops, forests, native plants
and property (rubbers and plastics)
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Particulate contributes to reduced visibility in
urban and pristine areas
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Climate change has numerous potential impacts:
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Increases in air pollution
Loss of snowpack
Increases in heatwave days and other extreme weather
events
Increases in electricity demand
Decreases in forest yields and increases in wildfire risk
Agricultural: pests and disease increases
State Implementation Plans
(How to Get Clean Air)
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Ozone
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Particulate matter
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Current Rate of Progress Report indicates emission
reductions are occurring and we are on the right track
New plan being developed to meet 8-hour standard
Significant new reductions will be needed
New conformity baseline will be developed/evaluated
Blueprint/land use measures will be critical for all
pollutants.
Designations expected in November 2009
New plan must show attainment by 2015/2020
Some control measures are already being implemented
Local transportation impact depends on state/federal
efforts
Climate change
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Pavley Bill – CO2 reductions with 2009 model year
California Action Plan due – Mandatory registration?
Ozone Non-attainment Area
(PM Boundaries TBD)
Regional Emissions Inventory
Ozone Precursors
ROG + NOx + Sunlight (heat) = Ozone
A Closer Look at Mobile NOx
Goods Movement
Particulate Emissions Inventory
Particulate Matter 2.5 Tons per Day
(2005, Sacramento County)
Stationary
9%
On-Road Mobile
8%
Off-Road Mobile
10%
Area
73%
Particulate Reduction Measures
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The CARB Diesel Risk Reduction Plan - statewide
effort that will reduce diesel particulate from onroad, off-road and stationary engines 75% by
2010 and 85% by 2020.
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New engine standards
Retrofitting existing engines
Requiring reduction in sulfur level in diesel fuel
The CARB Air Quality and Land Use Handbook –
Provides new guidance on project location and
impacts of diesel emissions
CARB has adopted anti-idling regulations for
some vehicle categories
More Reduction Measures
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Local AQMD incentive programs pay the
incremental cost to install emission reducing
technologies (low-emission engines and aftertreatment devices)
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- 1998-2005 $55 Million/4.8 Tons per day of NOx
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Local AQMD existing regulations for stationary
and area sources of particulate
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July 2005 local AQMD work plan to establish
control requirements for
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Residential wood burning
Fugitive dust
Combustion emissions
Transportation emission sources
More Measures Are Needed
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Additional regulations/incentive programs
are needed to address idling vehicles
Multi-regional trucks and their emissions
need multi-jurisdictional solution
Impact of 8-hour SIP requirements will be
known this fall.
New conformity evaluation and baseline will
be required for roads and airports
Will Goods Movement
Affect Air Quality?
Preliminary Emissions Estimates
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CARB has published emission
estimates in its draft Emissions
Reduction Plan for Ports and
International Goods Movement 2001
vs. 2020
Not sure if CARB is catching all the
expected increases
Statewide Ports and International Goods Movement
Emissions: 2001 v. 2020 CARB Estimates
In Summary
A continued unified effort on the part
of state and local agencies is needed to
ensure increases in emissions that may
result from increases in goods
movement in the Sacramento region
do not impair the ability of the region
to attain the federal and state air
quality standards.
Questions?