Transcript Document

Report from the US Collaboration Panel
Rik Wanninkhof
NOAA/AOML, Miami
[For the 4th time] On behalf of Richard Feely, Associated US representative SSC
 USA- Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) program
 Program highlights for 2008
Repeat Hydrography
Ocean Observatories
Coastal Ocean
SO Gas Exchange
Future directions:
2nd US Carbon Cycle Science Plan
Ecosystem impacts
Carbon Management
OCB: Ocean Carbon and
Biogeochemistry Program
OCB Mission:
To establish the evolving role of the
ocean in the global carbon cycle, in the
face of environmental change, through
studies of marine biogeochemical cycles
and associated ecosystems
Benway and Doney
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF OCB?
To promote, plan, and coordinate collaborative,
multidisciplinary research opportunities within
the U.S. research community and with
international partners
OCCC
NACP
SOLAS
IMBER
Ocean Carbon
& Climate Change
North American
Carbon Program
Surface-Ocean
Lower Atmosphere
Study
Integrated Marine
Biogeochemistry
and Ecology
Benway and Doney
OCB OVERARCHING
SCIENTIFIC THEMES
Improve understanding and prediction of:
1) Oceanic uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 and
other greenhouse gases;
2) Climate sensitivities of biogeochemical cycles and
interactions with ecosystem structure
Benway and Doney
CURRENT OCB RESEARCH PRIORITIES
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Ocean acidification
Terrestrial/coastal carbon fluxes and exchanges
Climate sensitivities of and change in ecosystem
structure and associated impacts on biogeochemical
cycles
Mesopelagic ecological and biogeochemical
interactions
Benthic-pelagic feedbacks on biogeochemical cycles
Ocean carbon uptake and storage
Annual meetings: July, Woods Hole
Scoping workshops:
Ocean acidification, Gulf of Mexico, Ocean Time series,
Southern Ocean
Benway and Doney
US CLIVAR CO2 Repeat Hydrography
http://ushydro.ucsd.edu/
Joint funding from NSF and NOAA with different funding mechanisms
Of Note:
- 5-year Renewal to NSF in place
- 2009- Indian Ocean
- Further collaborations with EU in Atlantic
- Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Panel (GO-SHIP)
I5: March-May, 2009
I7N: August-Sept, 2009
SO Gas Ex,
Feb 2008
Decadal Changes in Canthro
E-MLR along density, Atlantic A16
Estimates of ocean inventory changes in anthropogenic carbon (mol C m-2yr-1) over the
last decade. (0.5 mol C m-2yr-1 ≈ 2 Pg C)
Atlantic (25°W) Pacific (152°W)
Indian (80˚E)
Northern Hemisphere
0.63
0.25
0.4*
Southern Hemisphere
0.75
0.41
0.5*
b * preliminary, Takahashi (
Ocean Observatories Initiative
Global
Science
* Long time-series across
multiple spatial scales
* Investigate short-term episodic
events
* Multi-disciplinary approach to
study complex natural systems
and non-linear processes
* Complex models for analysis
and prediction
Regional
Cyberinfrastructure
Coastal
Technology
 Expanded power and
bandwidth to the seafloor
 Interactive capabilities
 Integrated components
 Reconfigurable network
components
 New way to provide
access to the ocean for
education/public awareness
Modified from S. Walker (NSF)
US Coastal Observations
A comprehensive sustained observing
strategy to quantify Coastal CO2
dynamics and impacts:
-Call for study of Gulf of Mexico (GOM)
-Ocean Acidification impacts in Eastern
boundary upwelling systems
Aragonite undersaturation
along the West Coast of US
(Feely et al. 2008)
Southern Ocean Gas Exchange Study
A comprehensive study of factors and parameters affecting surface
concentrations and gas transfer in the Southern Ocean
Initial results suggest gas transfer velocities in accord with modified 14C
inventory of Sweeney et al. (2007)
Ho et al.
Future (1)
A second US Carbon Cycle Science
Plan
Rationale: A U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Plan
(Sarmiento and Wofsy, 1999) is 10 years old.
It is time to take a fresh look at the scientific
questions and priorities detailed in that report.
The carbon cycle science working group will be
responsible for developing an updated, revised,
or new science plan for U.S.carbon cycle
science, identifying challenges and priorities for
the next
decade (~2010-2020) and involving the broader
community.
Co-leaders
Michalak, Anna M. - University of Michigan
Jackson, Robert B. - Duke University
Marland, Gregg - Oak Ridge National Lab.
Sabine, Chris L. - NOAA/PMEL
Most influential input into the Carbon Cycle
chapter of the 2003 Strategic Plan for the U.S.
Climate Change Science Program. (CCSP) is now
working on a minor update of its 2003 Strategic
Plan and a major revision in 2009. CCSP leaders
have asked the Carbon Cycle Interagency Working
Group (CCIWG) to identify by January 2009 the
"building blocks" it will use to develop its
contribution to the revised strategic
plan.
Future (2)
An increasing focus on impacts (rather) than sole focus on
perturbations:
 Impact of increasing CO2 on oceanic ecosystems
Corals
Impacts on higher trophic levels and geochemical cycles by
stress to calcifiers
 Impacts of climate change and human perturbations on oceanic
carbon cycle
Water cycle (and ocean circulation)
Temp. increase
Perturbation originating from land (Agricultural practices)
 Multi-stressor impacts on oceanic carbon cycle
Future (3)
Carbon Management and Mitigation Strategies
“Top Down Requests” with questions such as:
 “Is it possible to reduce the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide by
storing it in another part of the Earth system?”
 “How will the carbon cycle adjust in response to possible human
interventions to manage it?”
A US National Climate Service
 Draft legislation from the House and the Senate call for NOAA to establish a
National Climate Service:
HR XXX [BOUCHER and DINGELL] Climate Change Bill, Oct. 7, 2008:
S. 2307 [KERRY] Title II National Climate Service, May 22, 2008
Ocean Acidification Research
 National academy panel to report direction of OA research (Spring 2009)