Transcript Document

UNDP, RFP-025/13 – DRM
Amman, Dec. 2-5, 2013
Table of Contents
• Background
• Requirements for Capable Institutions to face Vulnerability:
 Livelihood improvement;
 Building adaptive capacity;
 Integrating climate change
 Institutional dynamics {Our Focus)
• RCVDs: Institutional Vulnerability:
• Lack of:
 Human know-how;
 Risk analysis capacity;
 Financial capacity;
 Physical capital (facilities);
 Control capacity
• Impact Tree Diagram
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Background
• The Global Programme of Research on Climate Change
Vulnerability(V), Impacts(I) and Adaptation(A) (PROVIA)
assesses VIA
by covering the range of available
approaches, methods and tools (UNEP, 2013). This points out
to the necessity of having capable institutions and knowhow in order for the program to be effective. Furthermore,
we have seen before that the vulnerability drivers are
adaptive capacity, climate sensitivity and, depending on
the sector, may be trade, or research, or control
mechanisms, all of which desire good institutions.
• If the Iraqi institutes relevant to facing drought impacts are
weak and deficient, then vulnerability conditions would be
further worsened in all sectors. The institutions will act as a
barrier in any attempt to face drought conditions.
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Institutional Vulnerability Assessment
• UNDP recent evaluation for DRM in Asia and Africa,
emphasizes understanding what is hindering or preventing
the removal of those barriers (UNDP, 2012). The factors could
be a lack of: Technical capacities at local and national
levels; political will; funding; awareness, among others.
• The inherent complexity of drought as a multifaceted
phenomenon: stretches beyond an understanding of
meteorological conditions alone to extend to evaluating
governance and institutional dynamics. This needs
advancing knowledge on the following:
1. Livelihood improvement and processes of change
2. Building adaptive capacity
3. Integrating climate change into the community
4. Institutional dynamics {OUR FOCUS THEME}
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Institutional Vulnerability Assessment
1. Livelihood improvement and processes of change
This requires Vulnerability assessment; Sustainable livelihood
analysis; Integrating responses to social equity impacts;
Promote social justice; Building resilience to any shock or
stress that hamper development and reduce social wellbeing.
2. Building adaptive capacity
Strengthen climate vulnerability and capacity analysis
especially through participatory approaches; Combining
community know-how with scientific data to yield better
understanding about local impacts.
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Institutional Vulnerability Assessment
3. Integrating climate change into the community
Integrating
risk
reduction
and
climate
change
adaptation/mitigation into community projects, especially
ecosystem-based approaches to provide policy makers and
practitioners and the locals with needed information to
implement policies.
4. Institutional dynamics {OUR FOCUS THEME}
It covers a huge spectrum of variables, i.e. impossible to do
in simple steps. Hence, international organizations have
come up with many “Tools” for such evaluation We will pick
up the major types of those “tools” as follows
(WeAdapt.com):
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Institutional Dynamics – Tools:
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Institutional Dynamics - Tools
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Institutional Dynamics – Tools
Soft System Methodology (SSM): This is helpful in situations for
analysis of conflicting and opposing stakeholders or institutions
with different views. It is a complex process, but to show its
benefit, we will pick up its major elements reflecting on
differentiating institutional systems and how they transform under
change as follows:
• E1 Efficacy= which means, does it work, or is the transformation
achievable
• E2 Efficiency= focusing on comparing institutional values
(monetary or otherwise) of output to input, which answers the
question is it worth it
• E3 Effectiveness= does the system achieve long term goals.
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Institutional Dynamics – Tools
BACLIAT, to find out institutional opportunities and threats.
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Institutional Dynamics – Tools
Local Climate Impact Profile (LCLIP) - Stages:
1. Project
planning stages: Purpose & objectives; Scope; Who is
who; Any constraints
2.
Building a database: Available records; Local media sources;
Information to capture; Complete data search
3.
Data analysis: Summarize spread sheet data; Interview local relevant
authorities
4. Outcomes & agenda for future: Produce & share findings; Prioritize
issues & risks; Produce evidence for specific departments/directorates;
Assign preparedness status; Communicate to the public.
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Institutional Vulnerability Assessment
• The preceding reveals the complexity of analysing causes and
determining barriers for institutional vulnerability. Nevertheless,
it is obvious that the process is multi-faceted covering social,
technical, economic and political conditions.
• The resultant causes, as shown at the top of ITD for institutional
vulnerability, are lack of the following:
 Human know-how;
 Risk analysis capacity;
 Financial capacity;
 Physical capital (facilities);
 Control capacity.
• They reflect on all aspects just mentioned in the “Background”.
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DIRECT
CAUSES
ROOT
CAUSES
13
Institutional RCVDs - Summary
• Risk analysis capacity: Nation-wide, lack of complete
and continuous temporal and spatial data records on
almost all sectors which is highly needed for meaningful
information analysis and communication, though slight
availability (still partial) for monitoring and early warning
exist here and there only.
• Financial capital: Lack of proper budgeting, investment
and access to worthy foreign sources; as well as lack of
appropriate prioritization for development projects while
assuring application of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)
programs, notably focusing on strengthening technical
institutional capacities and know-how.
Institutional RCVDs - Summary
• Human know-how: Relevant Iraqi institutions lack required
technical skills, know-how and purpose clarity; the normal
worker generally does not feel secure which affects
his/her attitude and performance; the management side
is weak on institutional coordination, defining
responsibilities, and poor planning especially when it
comes to early warning and information communication
to the respective authorities and the public.
• Physical capital: Partial lack (nationwide) of relevant
superstructures, infrastructures, mechanization and
modernization, especially related to research and
monitoring/early warning systems on drought and climate
change, with special focus on availing timely information
to authorities, the public and private sectors.
Institutional RCVDs - Summary
• Control
capacity:
An
associated
lack
of
monitoring/evaluation/quality-control, as well as relevant
government policies, and incentives, to strengthen
nation-wide institutions dealing with (VIA) on climate and
droughts, is very critical, including geared training of
respective personnel, both at management level and
routine skills with a strong national networking.
Institutional Vulnerability Assessment
Key organizations, institutions, centres and networks working on drought issues around
the world.
Source: ISDR DRF Hyogo Framework, 2009.
THANK YOU
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