Transcript Muscles - Western Springs College

MUSCLES
•Muscles
•Structure
•Function
DID YOU KNOW…A smile uses 17 muscles, a frown uses 43?
Muscle Categories
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The skeleton cannot stand
alone. Bones need to be
held in place and moved
by their own support
system – the muscles.
Muscles are contractile
tissue which are
responsible for movement
in the body from the
slightest wink to the
sustained effort needed to
run a marathon
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Muscles make up from
35-40% of the body’s
total weight
Did you know that:
there are more 600
muscles in your body!!
Muscles are either:

Voluntary


Voluntary muscles that you can move
whenever you want to
Involuntary

Muscles contract and relax automatically
inside your body. We can not control them
e.g. your stomach, digestive system (move
food in and through), uterus, bladder, heart.
Types of Muscles

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Smooth (involuntary)
Cardiac (involuntary)
Skeletal (voluntary)
Parts of a skeletal muscle
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Muscle Origin

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Muscle Head

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The beginning of the muscle belly at the
origin
Muscle Belly


Where muscles attach to a bone
The fleshy part of the muscle
Muscle Insertion

Where the muscle belly forms into a
tendon to attach onto another bone
Did you know…
Smallest Muscle
 Is the stapedius
 Length = 1/20th of an inch.
 It is the activator of the stirrup that
sends vibrations from the eardrum to
the inner ear.
Largest Muscle
 is the latissimus dorsi
Fastest Muscle
 The eye muscle
 It contracts in less than 1/100th of a
second.
Muscles work in pairs
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When one muscle is working the
other is relaxed. We use the
following terms to explain what
each muscle is doing:
Agonist = is the working muscle
Antagonist = is the oppostie
muscle which is not working (ie
relaxed)
triceps
biceps
MUSCLES – Turn to page 102
Muscle
Main Action
Deltoid
Shoulder abduction, flexion
and extension
Pectorals
Shoulder adduction and flexion
Latissimus Dorsi
Shoulder adduction and
extension
Triceps
Elbow extension
Biceps
Elbow Flexion
Abdominals
Trunk Flexion and rotation
Gluteus
Maximus
Hip abduction and extension
Hamstrings
Knee flexion, hip extension
Quadriceps
Knee extension, hip flexion
Wrist Flexors
Wrist Flexion
Wrist Extensors
Wrist Extension
Gastrocnemius
Plantarflexion
Tibialis Anterior
Dorsiflexion
YOUR TURN…..
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On page 102
Try to fill out the next table using
the information you just collected.
Movement
Agonist
Antagonist
Elbow Flexion Bicep
Tricep
Shoulder
Abduction
Deltoid
Elbow
Extension
Tricep
Pectorals +
Latissimus
Dorsi
Bicep
Knee Flexion
Hamstring
Quadricep
Shoulder
Adduction
Pectorals
+Latissimus
Dorsi
Quadriceps
Deltiod
Deltoid +
Pectorals
Latissimus
Dorsi
Knee
Extension
Shoulder
Flexion
Hamstrings
Hip Extension Gluteus
Maximus
Hip Flexors
Hip Flexion
Gluteus
Maximus
Hip Flexors
Plantarflexion Gastrocnemius Tibialis
Anterior
Wrist
Extension
Wrist
Extensors
Wrist
Flexors
Dorsiflexion
Tibialis
Anterior
Gastrocnemi
us
Shoulder
extension
Latissimus
Dorsi
Posterior Delt.
Rectus
Abdominus
Pectorals
Anterior
Delt
Erector Spinae
Rectus
Abdominus
Trunk flexion
Trunk
extension
Erector
Spinae