Transcript Animal Tissue

Animal Tissue
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
Organs in animals are composed of
a number of different tissue types.
Epithelial Tissue
covers body surfaces and lines body
cavities. Functions include lining,
protecting, and forming glands.
• Squamous epithelium is flattened cells.
• Cuboidal epithelium is cube-shaped
cells.
• Columnar epithelium consists of
elongated cells.
Note the single layer of simple
cuboidal epithelium lining either
side of a tubule.
one of the columnar epithelium cells
Functions of epithelial cells
• movement materials in, out, or around
the body.
• protection of the internal environment
against the external environment.
• Secretion of a product.
Connective Tissue
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binding
supporting
protecting
forming blood
storing fats
filling space
Loose Connective Tissue (LCT)
• Fibroblasts
• occurs beneath
epithelium in skin
and many internal
organs
• forms a protective
layer over muscle,
nerves, and blood
vessels.
Adipose tissue has enlarged
fibroblasts storing fats and
reduced intracellular matrix.
Adipose tissue facilitates energy
storage and insulation.
• Fibrous Connective
Tissue
• many fibers of
collagen
occurs in
• tendons, connect
muscle to bone.
• Ligaments connect
bone to bone at a
joint.
Solid connective tissue (bone)
• Bone has calcium
salts in the matrix,
giving it greater
strength. Bone also
serves as a reservoir
(or sink) for calcium.
Note the haversian canal and
surrounded by osteocytes and a
mineralized matrix.
Liquid(plasma) connective tissue
(Blood)
• Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
carry oxygen.
• White blood cells
(leukocytes) function in the
immune system.
• Plasma transports dissolved
glucose, wastes, carbon
dioxide and hormones, as
well as regulating the water
balance for the blood cells.
• Platelets are cell fragments
that function in blood
clotting.
(erythocytes = red; platelets =
yellow; T-lymphocyte = light green)
Muscle Tissue
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skeletal (striated)
smooth
cardiac
Muscle fibers are multinucleated,
with the nuclei located just under
the plasma membrane. Most of the
cell is occupied by striated, threadlike myofibrils.
Skeletal (striated) muscle
• These cells function
in conjunction with
the skeletal system
for voluntary muscle
movements.
Smooth muscle
• These cells function in
involuntary movements
and/or autonomic responses
(such as breathing, secretion,
ejaculation, birth, and certain
reflexes).
• spindle shaped cells that
form masses. These fibers
are components of
structures in the digestive
system, reproductive tract,
and blood vessels.
Cardiac muscle
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a type of striated
muscle found only in
the heart.
• The cell has a
bifurcated (or forked)
shape, usually with the
nucleus near the center
of the cell.
• The cells are usually
connected to each
other by intercalated
disks.
Nervous Tissue
• Dendrites receive
information from
another cell and
transmit the message to
the cell body. The cell
body contains the
nucleus, mitochondria
and other organelles
typical of eukaryotic
cells. The axon
conducts messages
away from the cell body.
Pyramidal Neurons from the Central
Nervous System (SEM x3,960).