Transcript Lesson 3
Lesson 3 The Muscular System How can you keep your muscles flexible and strong? Proper warm-up and stretching before and cool-down after any physical activity keeps your muscles flexible and strong. Lesson 3 Lesson Objectives In this lesson, you will learn to: • Describe the functions of the muscular system • Examine the different types of muscles in the body and the effects of health behaviors on the muscular system • List problems of the muscular system Lesson 3 Functions of the Muscular System Voluntary and Involuntary Muscles • When you sleep, muscles help you breathe, make your heart beat, and move food through your digestive system. • These involuntary processes happen without your consciously controlling them. • When you play the piano or a video game, you are using muscles that are under conscious, or voluntary, control. • Without the use of both voluntary and involuntary muscles, you would be unable to perform any of these activities. Lesson 3 Structure of the Muscular System Nerve Impulses and Muscle Fibers • A muscle is made up of hundreds of long cells called fibers. • Muscles work by means of two complementary, or opposing, actions—contraction and extension. • Muscle contraction is triggered by nerve impulses. • Some nerves provide impulses for many muscle fibers. • In other areas, a single nerve may provide impulses to only two or three muscle fibers. Lesson Structure of the Muscular System 3 Types of Muscles Smooth Muscles Skeletal Muscles Cardiac Muscles Smooth muscles can be found in the lining of the blood vessels, the digestive tract, the passageways that lead into the lungs, and the bladder. Smooth muscles are under involuntary control. Lesson 3 Structure of the Muscular System Muscle Contraction and Bone Movement Click image to view movie. Lesson 3 Structure of the Muscular System Care of the Muscular System • Regular physical activity is the best way to keep your muscles strong and healthy. • Regular physical activity helps keep muscles toned and healthy. • Practicing good posture strengthens back muscles. • Wearing safety equipment and appropriate clothing can protect muscles during physical activity. Lesson 3 Problems of the Muscular System Injury-Related Muscle Problems Bruise Muscle Strain/Sprain Tendonitis Hernia Muscular Dystrophy Lesson 3 Problems of the Muscular System Bruise • A bruise is an area of discolored skin that appears after an injury causes the blood vessels beneath the skin to rupture and leak. • Swelling can be reduced with an ice pack. Lesson 3 Problems of the Muscular System Muscle Strain or Sprain • A strained muscle results when a muscle is stretched or partially torn as a result of overexertion. • Strains are usually treated by using the R.I.C.E. (rest, ice, compression, elevation) procedure. • A sprain is an injury to the ligament in a joint, and it requires medical treatment. Lesson 3 Problems of the Muscular System Tendonitis • Tendonitis can be caused by injury, overuse, or aging. • Treatment includes rest, anti-inflammatory medication, or ultrasound. Lesson 3 Problems of the Muscular System Hernia • A hernia can result from straining to lift a heavy object. • Hernia repair usually requires surgery. Lesson 3 Problems of the Muscular System Muscular Dystrophy • Muscular dystrophy is an inherited disorder in which skeletal muscle fibers are progressively destroyed. • There is no cure, but with early detection muscle weakness can be delayed through exercise programs. Lesson 3 Quick Review Choose the appropriate option. Q. Muscles work independently of True other body systems. False Lesson 3 Quick Review - Answer A. False. Muscles work with respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 3 Quick Review Choose the appropriate option. Q. A type of striated muscle that forms the wall of the heart is called: 1. Skeletal muscle 2. Long muscle 3. Smooth muscle 4. Cardiac muscle Lesson 3 Quick Review - Answer A. 4. Cardiac muscle The cardiac muscle is responsible for the contraction of the heart and is the most important part of the cardiovascular system. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 3 Quick Review Choose the appropriate option. Q. Problems of the muscular system include: 1. Tendonitis 2. Muscle strains and sprains 3. Bruises 4. Hernia 5. All of the above Lesson 3 Quick Review - Answer A. 4. All of the above. The problems of muscular system include all of the following: tendonitis, muscle strains and sprains, bruises, and hernia. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 3 End of Lesson 3 Click Home to view the Main menu. Lesson Structure of the Muscular System 3 Types of Muscles Smooth Muscles Skeletal Muscles Cardiac Muscles Smooth muscles can be found in the Smooth lining of the blood vessels, the muscles are that digestive tract, the passageways that act on lead into the lungs, muscles and the bladder. the lining of and Smooth muscles arepassageways under involuntary internal organs. control. Lesson Structure of the Muscular System 3 Types of Muscles Smooth Muscles Skeletal Muscles Cardiac Muscles Skeletal Most of your muscle tissue is made up of muscles skeletal muscle, and almostare all skeletal attached to bone muscles are under voluntary control. and cause body Skeletal muscles often work together, movements. undergoing opposing actions to produce movement. Flexor and extensor are opposing skeletal muscles. Lesson Structure of the Muscular System 3 Types of Muscles Smooth Muscles Skeletal Muscles Cardiac Muscles Most of your muscle tissue is made up of skeletal muscle, and almost all skeletal The flexor muscles are under voluntary control. is the muscle Skeletal muscles that closes a often work together, undergoing opposing actions to produce joint. movement. Flexor and extensor are opposing skeletal muscles. Lesson Structure of the Muscular System 3 Types of Muscles Smooth Muscles Skeletal Muscles Cardiac Muscles Most of your muscle tissue is made up of skeletal muscle, and almost all skeletal The muscles are under voluntary control. extensor is the Skeletal muscles often work together, muscle that undergoing opposing actions to produce opens a joint. movement. Flexor and extensor are opposing skeletal muscles. Lesson Structure of the Muscular System 3 Types of Muscles Smooth Muscles Skeletal Muscles Cardiac Muscles The involuntary cardiac muscles are responsible for the contraction of your heart. Cardiac The heartmuscle contracts about is a rhythmically type of 100,000 striated times each day to pump blood muscle throughout your body. that forms the wall of the heart. Lesson 3 Structure of the Muscular System Care of the Muscular System • Regular physical activity is the best way to keep your muscles strong and healthy. • Regular physical activity helps keep muscles toned and healthy. Muscle tone • Practicing good posture strengthens is the natural back muscles. tension in the • Wearing safety equipment and appropriate clothing can fibers of a protect muscles during physical activity. muscle. Lesson 3 Problems of the Muscular System Tendonitis • Tendonitis can be caused by injury, overuse, or aging. Tendonitis is • Treatment includes rest, anti-inflammatory medication, or the inflammation ultrasound. of a tendon. Lesson 3 Problems of the Muscular System Hernia • A hernia can result from straining to lift a heavy object. • Hernia repair usually requires surgery. A hernia occurs when an organ or tissue protrudes through an area of weak muscle. Lesson Structure of the Muscular System 3 Types of Muscles Smooth Muscles Skeletal Muscles Cardiac Muscles Most of your muscle tissue is made up of skeletal muscle, and almost all skeletal muscles are under voluntary control. Skeletal muscles often work together, undergoing opposing actions to produce movement. Flexor and extensor are opposing skeletal muscles. Lesson Structure of the Muscular System 3 Types of Muscles Smooth Muscles Skeletal Muscles Cardiac Muscles The involuntary cardiac muscles are responsible for the contraction of your heart. The heart contracts rhythmically about 100,000 times each day to pump blood throughout your body. Lesson Quick Review - Answer 3 A. Correct! Muscles work with respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 3 Quick Review - Answer You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer. Lesson 3 Quick Review - Answer A. Correct! The cardiac muscle is responsible for the contraction of the heart and is the most important part of the cardiovascular system. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 3 Quick Review - Answer You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer. Lesson Quick Review - Answer 3 A. Correct! All of the above. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 3 Quick Review - Answer You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.