Transcript State the roles of bones, ligaments, muscles, tendons and nerves in

Muscles and Movements
State the roles of bones, ligaments, muscles,
tendons and nerves in human movement
• Bones – carry the body’s weight and serve
as anchors for muscles to work against
and cause movement
• Ligaments – attach bone to bone
• Muscles -have elastic properties which
allow movement to occur by becoming
shorter and thicker; pulling the bones with
them
Cont’d
• Tendons – attach muscle to bone
• Nerves – stimulates muscle to contract
and create movement
State the roles of bones, ligaments, muscles,
tendons and nerves in human movement
• Bones – provide attachment sites for skeletal
muscle
• Ligaments – connect bone to bone; restrict
movement at joints
• Muscles – provide force needed for skeletal
motion
• Tendons – attach muscle to bone
• Nerves – stimulate and coordinated muscles
contraction
Skeletal Joints
• Junctions between bones
• Cartilage – reduces friction where bones
meet
• Synovial fluid – lubrication; reduces friction
• Joint capsule – seals the joint and holds in
the synovial fluid
Elbow Joint
Outline the functions of the human
elbow joint
• Articular cartilage – reduces wear and tear,
reduces friction
• Synovial fluid – lubricates and shock absorbs
• Joint capsule – seals the joint space and
provides stability
• Humerus, radius and ulna – upper arm (origin)
and lower arm (insertion)
• Antagonistic muscles – bicep (flexor of R&U),
tricep (extensor of R&U)
Compare movements of the hip
joint and knee joint
• Hip joint - is a ball and socket joint that can
move in multiple directions. (flexion, extension,
abduction, abduction, medial and lateral
rotation)
• Knee joint – flexion and extensionj
Structure of striated muscle fibers
•Muscle fibers/fibres – multinucleate muscle cells
consist of myofibrils, sarcomeres, actin – myosin
Structure of a sarcomere &
Sarcomere contraction
• Draw and label a diagram to show the structure
of a sarcomere, including Z lines, actin &
myosin filaments (w/heads) and light and dark
bands
Striated Muscle Micrograph
Sarcomere TEM
Explain how skeletal muscle contracts
(i.e The Sliding Filament Theory)
Analyze electron micrographs to find
the state of contraction of muscle fibers
• Muscle fibers can be, fully relaxed, slightlymoderately or fully contracted