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Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy & Physiology TM 1 Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource Standards Addressed • AS.01.02. Assess and select animal production methods for use in animal systems based upon their effectiveness and impacts. – AS.01.02.01.a. Identify and categorize terms and methods related to animal production. Anatomy & Physiology TM 2 Dorsal Cranial Caudal Ventral Proximal Distal Anterior Posterior Anatomy & Physiology TM 3 Median Transverse Sagittal Frontal Deep Superficial Anatomy & Physiology TM 4 Axis Skull Vertebrae Cervical Thoracic Sacral Lumbar Coccygeal Atlas Scapula Pelvis Humerus Olecranon Radius Femur Patella Fibula Ribs Tibia Tarsals Carpals Ulna Metatarsals Phalanges Phalanges Sesamoids Metacarpals Anatomy & Physiology TM 5 • Short bone – cube shaped, i.e. carpus and tarsus • Flat bone – plate of bone, i.e. scapula, rib, skull • Irregular bone – complex shaped, i.e. vertebrae • Sesamoid – small, seed-shaped bone, i.e. proximal and distal sesamoids, patella • Long bone – bone is longer that it is wide, i.e. femur, tibia, humerus, etc. Anatomy & Physiology TM 6 Epiphysis Diaphysis Periosteum Metaphysis Bone marrow Medullary cavity Endosteum Anatomy & Physiology TM 7 Fissured Greenstick Transverse Comminuted Anatomy & Physiology TM 8 Muscles are contractile organs responsible for the voluntary and involuntary movements of animals. • Skeletal muscle –allows for all voluntary movement, appears to be striated when looked at under a microscope. • Cardiac muscle – controls the involuntary beating of the heart, appears striated under a microscope. • Smooth muscle – responsible for all other involuntary movement, such as breathing, digestion, peristalsis, blinking, etc. Anatomy & Physiology TM 9 Brachiocephalicus Masseter Trapezius Latissimus dorsi External abdominal oblique Gluteals Pectorals Semitendinous Deltoid Triceps brachii Gastrocnemius Intercostal Biceps femoris Anatomy & Physiology TM 10 Nasal cavity Pharynx Esophagus Mouth Larynx Epiglottis Tongue Trachea Anatomy & Physiology TM 11 Epiglottis Larynx Alveoli Trachea Cartilage ring Lungs Bronchi Bronchioles Anatomy & Physiology TM 12 Dendrite Cell body (soma) Myelin sheath Axon Synapse Anatomy & Physiology TM 13 Meninges Cerebrum Cerebellum Thalamus Spinal cord Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Brain stem Medulla oblongata Anatomy & Physiology TM 14