Transcript skeletal system

STRUCTURAL
BODY
SYSTEMS
SKELETAL
SYSTEM
What is
the skeletal
system
made up
of?
Bones,
Cartilage,
and tendons
Approximately 206
bones make up the
body
What
is in a
bone?
Bones
are living organs
(made up of several
different tissues)
Made up of connective
tissue and minerals that
are deposited by living
cells (osteoblasts)
What are the two
types of tissue?
C
O
M
P
A
C
T
S
p
o
n
g
y
bone – tissue
that doesn’t have much
visible open spaces
Spongy bone – provides
most strength and
support for the bone
Compact
What is
bone
marrow?
Bone
marrow
produces red and
white blood cells.
What is cartilage?
Bones
start off as a soft and
flexible tissue called
cartilage.
During childhood growth
plates of cartilage remain in
most bones to allow for
continued growth.
What is a joint?
A place
where two or
more bones connect.
Allow body to move
when your muscles
contract.
Held together by
ligaments
What is the
purpose of
skeletal
system?
Protection
Heart
and lungs are
shielded by your ribs
Spinal cord is protected
by your vertebrae,
Brain is protected by
skull
Storage
Store
minerals that help
the nerves and muscles
function properly
Store fat to use for
energy
Movement
Skeletal
muscles pull the
bones to produce
movement
Without them you
couldn’t walk, sit or stand
Blood cell formation
Filled
with
marrow that
makes blood
cells
Skeletal Disorders

Compound Fracture - when the bone
breaks completely and tears through the
skin! OUCH!!!
Disorders Continued…

Ankle Sprain – when damage is done to
ligaments around the ankle.
Osteoporosis

The degeneration of bone mass over time.
The Muscular
System
What does the
muscular system do?
Works
with the
skeletal system to
move the body
Push blood through
vessels
Helps with digestion
What are the different
types of muscles?
muscle – found in
digestive tract
Cardiac muscle – found in
heart
Skeletal muscle – attached
to bones for movement
(protects inner organs).
Smooth
What is the difference
between voluntary and
involuntary muscles?
– Under your
control (working out
biceps, triceps etc.)
Involuntary – Not under
your control (smooth
and cardiac are
involuntary).
Voluntary
How do
muscles
work in
pairs?
Skeletal
muscles work in
pairs to cause smooth,
controlled movements.
When the biceps contract,
the elbow bends. When
the triceps contract , the
elbow straightens.
Flexors

Flexors are muscles that contract as the
muscle shortens.

Ex. Biceps
Extensors
Extensors are muscles that contract as the
muscle extends.
Ex. Triceps
What are the two
basic types of
exercises?
exercise –
develops strength of
skeletal muscles. (Lifting
weights, sit ups etc.)
Resistance
exercise – steady,
moderate activity such as
jogging, cycling.
Strengthens skeletal
some, but mostly
strengthens heart and
increases endurance.
Aerobic
Oh yeah!

Girls can build muscle too!!!
Click to next slide

Don’t tell my wife. She hasn’t seen this
photo yet!
Integumentary
System
What makes up the
integumentary system?
Skin,
hair, and
nails
Why do you need
your skin?
Skin
protects you by
keeping moisture in
your body and foreign
particles out.
Nerve endings allow
you to feel what’s
around you
Defense

Skin is the largest organ.

1st line of defense against infections.
Helps
to regulate your
body’s temperature
through sweat glands
producing sweat.
Helps to get rid of waste.
Sweat helps to regulate temperature.
What is melanin?
A
chemical that
determines skin color.
The amount of melanin
varies from person to
person.
What are the two
basic layers of skin?
– The part
of the skin that you
can see.
Most epidermal cells
are dead and filled with
a protein called
keratin.
Epidermis
– the deeper,
thicker layer of your skin.
Lies underneath the
epidermis
Mostly connective tissue
and contains collagen that
allows skin to bend
without tearing.
Dermis
What is the importance
of hair?
Hairs
protect skin
from ultraviolet light
and help keep
particles such as
dust, out of your
eyes and nose.
What is a hair follicle?
A tiny
sac where hair
grows as new cells.
Pushes up older cells
– the only living cell in
a hair are the in the
hair follicle.
What are the purpose
of nails?
To
protect the tips
of your fingers and
toes so that they
can remain
sensitive.
Skin Disorders

Acne
Too much oil, dead skin, and
bacteria can clog pores.
This is the result!
Squeezing makes them worse!

Keep face clean.

Don’t Squeez!