Transcript S4 Standard Grade PE - Perth Grammar School

S3 Standard Grade PE
Fitness
D Morton 07
Revision Today
What aspects of fitness
have we covered so far?
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Flexibility
Speed
Cardio-respiratory endurance
Strength
What have we still to
cover?
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Local muscular Endurance
Flexibility
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What is flexibility?
The range of movement
across a joint
How did we test our
flexibility?
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Sit and reach
Trunk extension
Shoulder reach
Why do you test your
level of flexibility?
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To see what we have to work on to
improve
To set a good training programme to
improve our flexibility
What sports is it important
to have good flexibility?
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Gymnastics
The splits –flexibility in
the hip joint allows the
legs to stretch further
Cardio-respiratory
Endurance
Cardio-respiratory
Endurance
The
ability of the heart and the
lungs to work for a long period of
time
How does this happen?
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The heart and lungs
can take in,
transport and use
OXYGEN efficiently
How did we test our CRE
fitness?
The Beep test
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Ability to run over a long period of
time without getting tired
It showed who had the best CRE
fitness in the class
Pulse
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Our pulse is a measure of our heart
beat
Pulse
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Why do we measure our pulse?
If my resting pulse is 90 beats per
minute am I fit or unfit?
A fit persons resting pulse rate is roughly
between 35 and 50 beats per minute?
Strength
What is strength?
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The maximum force you can apply to
something
E.g the stronger you are= the bigger
the force you can
How do we test strength?
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The Maximum weight
you can lift in one go
E.g the heaviest kg’s
you can lift on a
machine in the fitness
room
How can you train for
strength?
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In the fitness room, weight machines
High weight (KG’s), low number of
times you lift the weight
50 kg lift x 7
When is it important to be
strong in sport?
Activity= rugby
 Skill= tackle
 How is strength important?
The stronger your legs and
upper body are, the greater
the FORCE you can apply to
your opponent and you can
bring them to the ground
easier
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Power
Power is…
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A combination of strength and speed
How did we test power?
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Standing long jump
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Vertical jump
Jumping involves power
in the legs
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Strength and speed in the leg muscles
When is power
important?
Muscles and joints
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What are the main joints in the body used
in a game of a football?
Still to cover
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Circuit training
Local muscular endurance
Beep test
Skeleton
Knee
Joints in football
Hip
Ankle
Types of joints
Ball and socket All directions
e.g hip,
shoulder
Hinge joint
e.g elbow, knee
2 directions
Muscles involved
TRICEP
BICEP
PECTORIALS
DELTOID
LATS
ABDOMINALS
ADDUCTOR
(GROIN)
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
(BOTTOM)
HAMSTRING
QUADRICEP
CALF
Biceps and triceps
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How do they work
together when you
take a penalty kick?
Movement
Muscles
involved
Muscles
involved
Joints
involved
Bend
supporting
Quadriceps
contract
hamstring
Relax
Knee
Joint-hinge
bend kicking
leg
Hamstring
contract
Quadriceps
relax
Action
Swing leg
forward and
Kick ball with
foot
Quadriceps
contract
Soleus
contract
Hamstring
relax
Knee joint,
hip joint,
ankle joint
Recovery
Kicking leg
comes across Quadriceps
body for
continue to
follow
contract
through
Hamstring
continues to
relax
Knee joint,
hip joint,
ankle joint
Prep
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Bones provide:
The basic shape and structure of the
body
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Provide support
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Protect vital organs e.g heart
Skeletal framework also has:
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Cartilage
These
are all
 Synovial
fluidpresent at a joint
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Ligament
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Tendons
Cartilage
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Where do you think there is cartilage
in your body?
Your knee, ear, nose
What does the cartilage
do?
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Covers the ends of bones
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Acts as a shock absorber
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Reduces the friction between bones
Synovial fluid
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Thin layer of liquid produced to help
lubricate a joint and reduce friction
Ligament
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Ligaments are a connective tissue
Made of strong tissue
Join bone to bone
Prevent a joint over stretching
TENDONS
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Tendons are also a connective tissue
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A tendon joins muscle to bone
Recap
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Ligament joins bone to bone
Tendon joins muscle to bone