Transcript PowerPoint for Standard Precautions

Pathogen
a disease-causing
microorganism
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Standard Precautions
guidelines, developed by the
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, for protecting healthcare
workers from exposure to blood-borne
pathogens and body secretions
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Chain of Infection
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Breaking the
Chain of Infection
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Preventing the
Spread of Infection
1. Wash your hands frequently.
2. Wear gloves and other protective
clothing (such as gowns, goggles,
and masks) when the possibility of
exposure to blood or other body
fluids exists, and when working on
patients who may be infectious.
3. Keep your immunizations up-to-date.
(especially hepatitis vaccinations)
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Aseptic
sterile;
preventing infection
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Handwashing
To prevent the spread of disease, handwashing
must be done at the following times:
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when first arriving to work
before performing each medical procedure on
a patient
during a procedure if your hands become
contaminated
between each patient for whom you provide
medical care
after using the restroom
after removing gloves from your hands
before eating
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Avoiding
Contaminated Sharps
1. Never recap, bend, or manually remove a dirty
needle.
2. Always deposit the entire syringe and needle or
sharp object in the puncture-resistant container.
3. Immediately clean any puncture wound with alcohol
and Betadine and cover the wound. Report the
incident to your supervisor or instructor.
4. Never carry needles or sharps from one location to
another with the tips pointing toward other people
or yourself. POINT THEM TOWARD THE FLOOR.
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AIDS
the abbreviation for acquired immune
deficiency syndrome; a viral disease
caused by the human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV), which destroys the immune
system and renders the patient susceptible
to other infections. It is contracted through
blood and other body fluids, and
is incurable.
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Hepatitis A
inflammation of the liver
that is caused by a virus and
spread by the fecal-oral route
either from poor handwashing or
contaminated food
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Hepatitis B
inflammation of the liver that is
caused by a virus and spread
through contact with infected blood
and body fluids. It is the most
common form contracted by
healthcare workers.
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Standard Precautions
1. WEAR GLOVES whenever contact with blood, body
secretions, or broken skin may occur. Do not re-use gloves!
2. WEAR PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR AND A MASK during any
procedures that may expose you to splattering blood or
other body fluids.
3. WEAR DISPOSABLE GOWNS if blood or body fluids may
splatter.
4. Thoroughly wash your hands and other skin surfaces
immediately following contamination.
5. AVOID GIVING DIRECT MOUTH-TO-MOUTH
RESUSCITATION; instead, use the mouth-to-mask method,
resuscitator bags, and other available equipment. Keep an
airway nearby when working in a healthcare environment.
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Standard Precautions, Cont.
6. AVOID DIRECT PATIENT CONTACT if you have open
wounds or other skin conditions.
7. WASH YOUR HANDS after each patient contact and
after removing gloves.
8. Carefully and properly dispose of all sharp objects
(needles, scalpel blades, etc.) in appropriate punctureresistant containers. Do not recap, bend, break, or
manually remove needles! If you get stuck by a used
needle, clean the area with Betadine, fill out the
necessary forms to notify supervisors of the needle
stick, and get a blood test for hepatitis and AIDS.
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Shanica was assigned to work a weekend wrestling tournament with
Mr. Babcock, the head athletic trainer. Mr. Babcock requires that all
his student athletic trainers be certified in CPR and First Aid and
have their hepatitis shots.
During the first match of the tournament Isaac, one of Mr. Babcock’s
wrestlers, got a bloody nose. The officials stopped the match for a
blood time out.
What are some of the dangers associated with blood borne
pathogens?What should Shanica do to stop the nose bleed? Under
what conditions would Isaac be able to continue in the match?
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