Transcript Presenting - University of Saskatchewan

ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
Dr. Mark Raizenne
Centre for Food-Borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
Public Health Agency of Canada
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
Breaking Down Barriers, Creating Connections
• Public health has had a long history of recognizing that
animal health and human health are linked – veterinary
public health
• Some initiatives such as EcoHealth programs have
explored the importance of human and ecosystem health
• Traditional silos exist between
public health professionals,
doctors, vets, ecologists,
social scientists
2
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
Drivers of Public Health Threats Today
Food and water consumption
Catastrophic
natural events
Habitat disruption or
modification (agricultural
practices)
Ecosystems
Casual
exposures
Human population
growth
Animals
Occupational
exposures
Humans
Economics
Movement of people,
animals, goods
3
Climate change
Public Health Agency of Canada | Agence de la santé publique du Canada
What is One Health?
Transcending Borders: One Health recognizes the linkages
among human, animal and ecosystem health domains.
A Whole-of-Society Approach:
It proposes an international,
interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral
approach to surveillance,
monitoring, prevention, control
and mitigation of emerging
diseases, as well as to
environmental conservation.
Source: “Contributing to One World, One Health”
Strategic Framework, Oct. 14, 2008
4
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
The Environment/Ecosystem Connection
• Environmental health is often forgotten
» Challenge to engage environmental
health researchers and scientists
• Climate change creates favourable
conditions for the emergence and
establishment of disease vectors
• Examples of environmental issues
» Antimicrobial resistance
» Prions
» Shale gas and oil sands
» Arboviruses
5
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
One Health Helps us Focus on the Margins
• Big problems cross disciplines…and solutions are not
specific to any one of us
• We need to focus on the margins – the spaces between
human, animal and ecosystem health
• Risk of missing “causes of the causes” – what expertise
don’t we need?
http://lasirenagrill.wordpress.com/2012/03/03/the-green-iceberg/
6
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
One Health Advantages
• Multiple perspectives are better than one
» Looking at human disease without including
the context in which human illness occurs will
not inform our decision-making ability
• One Health is a useful paradigm to frame complex public
health issues
• A way to foster information sharing and integrative
surveillance
• Improved professional competencies and education
• One Health is an integrated approach to risk management
and decision making
7
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
How Can One Health Improve What We Do?
Current Situation
With One Health
Focus on outbreak response
Focus on preventing outbreaks
Focus is generally on health and
scientific aspects of disease
Focus includes social and cultural
determinants of health
Approach tends to be siloed and
fragmented
Approach is holistic, integrative and
interdisciplinary
Focus is primarily national
Focus includes international cooperation
and prevention
Education tends to be disciplinespecific
Education is cross-sectoral, including
other disciplines and perspectives
Communities engaged and mobilized
only after outbreak event
Early education and information sharing
with communities to prevent zoonotic
outbreaks
8
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
One Health Activities
• PHAC’s One Health activities
» PHAC is highly engaged in promoting One Health;
collaborating with other departments (CFIA)
» PHAC is applying a One Health approach to AMR
policy development, CIPARS, C-EnterNet, West Nile
and Lyme disease surveillance, Science-Policy
Integration
» One Health Operational Model
• Provinces and Territories
» Manitoba, Ontario, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Quebec
9
ONE HEALTH AND THE PUBLIC HEALTH AGENCY OF CANADA
Infectious
Disease
Prevention and
Control Branch
(IDPC)
One Health
Operational
Model
10
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
International One Health Activities
• United States:
» CDC – One Health Office
» USDA-APHIS – OH Coord’n Office
» Multiple Universities
• European Union:
» Animal Health Strategy (2007 – 2013)
• Australia
• World Health Organization (WHO), World Organization for
Animal Health (OIE), Food and Agriculture Organization
(FAO), the World Bank
11
POWERPOINT TITLE GOES HERE USING: VIEW > HEADERS AND FOOTERS
Upcoming International Events
• 2nd GRF One Health Summit 2013
» One Health - One Planet –
One Future: Risks and Opportunities
» Davos, Switzerland November 17 – 20, 2013
• 3rd International One Health Congress
» Amsterdam, Netherlands March 15-18, 2015
» Would be an excellent meeting to showcase
the One Health activities at the University
of Saskatchewan
12
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
One Health Education
• One Health curriculum needs to address the effects of climate
on ecosystem health, wildlife, and the movement of plant,
animal, and human diseases
• There is an opportunity for veterinary medicine to leverage its
expertise in One Health and lead advances in food-animal
husbandry and welfare, water safety and security, and the
health of wildlife and ecosystems
• Need to integrate the key disciplines of human medicine,
veterinary medicine, conservation biology, public health, basic
sciences, agriculture, economics, social sciences and
environmental sciences
13
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
Education Recommendations
• One Health is an “… opportunity to connect and educate health
professionals at an early stage, when they are naturally learning
together. As undergraduates, these students are excited about
integrating new ideas, and their academic schedule may be more
accommodating to a variety of classes. Presenting One Health
concepts to students at this stage of their education could have a
positive impact on their awareness of and attitudes toward public
health.”
» Farone TS. Incorporating the one-health concept into undergraduate education.J
Am Vet Med Assoc. 2011 Dec 1;239(11):1406-7.
• “Introducing this concept to students early in their academic careers
is important to ensure that they are still open to broad-based,
interdisciplinary ways of thinking.
» Kahn LH. Educating undergraduates on one health. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2012
Jan 15;240(2):144.
14
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
Challenges for One Health Leaders
• Labelled as a non-expert
• Issues with common language when mixing disciplines
• Lack of funding – public, private and industry, competing
priorities
• Small number of One Health mentors and senior faculty
• No unifying vision for One Health in Canada and abroad poor coordination among Canadian health actors, “siloes”
• Career paths in One Health are often unclear and few wellpaying job opportunities are advertised for graduates
• Limited opportunities to mobilize interest in One Health
outside of academia in Canada
• Will require changing behaviours and mindsets
15
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
An Uphill Battle
• “…a shortage of collaborative student programs, insufficient
environmental training for health professionals, and a lack of
institutional support impede progress”
» Meredith A Barrett, Timothy A Bouley, Aaron H Stoertz, and
Rosemary W Stoertz. 2010. Integrating a One Health approach
in education to address global health and sustainability
challenges. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (e-View)
16
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
“If you always do what you've always
done, you'll always get what you've
always got.”
17
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
The Benefits of One Health (AVMA 2008)
• Improving animal and human health globally through collaboration
among all the health sciences, especially between the veterinary
and human medical professions to address critical needs
• Meeting new global challenges head-on through collaboration
among multiple professions—veterinary medicine, human medicine,
environmental, wildlife and public health
• Developing centers of excellence for education and training in
specific areas through enhanced collaboration among colleges and
schools of veterinary medicine, human medicine, and public health
• Increasing professional opportunities for veterinarians
• Adding to our scientific knowledge to create innovative programs to
improve health
18
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
Advantages for One Health Leaders
•
•
•
•
•
•
Marketable
Nimble, adaptable
Responsive to disease outbreaks, challenges
Broader perspective, see the commonalities
Chance to show leadership nationally and globally
Canada has recognized leaders in One Health – available for
mentoring and support
• Help to bridge the educational and research gap between the
human, veterinary and environmental science fields
• Potential employers – government, educational institutions,
NGOs
19
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
The Next Generation of One Health Practitioners
Governance
Psychological
Public and Population Health
Physical
Environments
Sociological
Veterinary Medical
Historical
Public Population Health
Anthropological
Humans
Animals
Animal Science
Economic
Political
Public Policy
Social
Environments
Communication Studies
Biomedical
20
Evolutionary and
Comparative
Environmental and
Ecological
Medical
Source: Rock et al., 2009
ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE
“Gentlemen, we can rebuild him, we have the technology”
21