Transcript Unit 10 Blood

THE BLOOD UNIT 10
(CHAPTER 17)
VIDEO
THINK ABOUT IT
 What substances does blood transport?
 How does blood protect the body from infection?
 How are blood cells manufactured?
10
The Blood
Lesson 1: The Function and
Composition of the Blood
Lesson 2: Blood Types
Lesson 3: Blood Disorders and
Diseases
Chapter 10: The Blood
LESSON 1
The Function and
Composition of Blood
video
OBJECTIVES
 Explain how blood transports nutrients and waste products, regulates body temperature, and
fights infection.
 Identify the solid and liquid components of blood.
 Describe how the body manufactures blood cells.
 Explain the physical properties and function of red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelets.
 Describe the process of coagulation.
A LITTLE BIT OF BLOOD AND GORE (BLOOD
MODELS)
 Today we will be making blood our own blood just on a larger scale. Our blood is
made up of four main components: white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and
plasma - each of which serve specific purposes. At your tables make sure to pick up
one of each of the following from the front. Come to the front to use other
materials as needed.
 Starting Materials
i.
Jar
ii.
Graduated cylinder
iii.
Plastic spoon
THE FUNCTION AND COMPOSITION
OF BLOOD
the function of blood
the formed elements
physical properties of blood
plasma
THE FUNCTION AND COMPOSITION
OF BLOOD
manufacturing blood cells
red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
FUNCTIONS OF THE BLOOD
 Transports
 Regulates
 Gases
 Temp
 Waste products
 pH
 Hormones
 Fluid and electrolytes
 Enzymes
 Nutrients
 Protects
 Blood cells
 WBC
 Plasma proteins (albumin,
 Antibodies
fibrinogen, and globulin)
 Clotting factors
FUNCTIONS OF THE BLOOD
THE FORMED ELEMENTS (45%)
 solid portion of blood
 red blood cells
 carry oxygen
 white blood cells
 immune response
 platelets
 clot
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BLOOD
 blood volume
 4–7 liters of blood
 taste
 salty
 color
 bright red from artery
 dull red from vein
PLASMA (55%)
 liquid portion of
blood
 90% water
 8% plasma proteins
 2% mixture of
 electrolytes
 Nutrients
 Ions
 respiratory gases
 hormones
 waste products
THE COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
Match these words with 1–4 below: plasma, platelets,
bright red, red blood cell.
1. liquid portion of blood
2. carry oxygen
3. clot
4. arterial blood
10.1 CONTINUED
video
MANUFACTURING BLOOD CELLS
 hematopoiesis
 making new blood cells
 stem cells make blood cells in
red bone marrow
lymphatic tissue
RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES)
 shape and size
 disk-shaped
 7–8 micrometers in diameter
 hemoglobin
 binds with oxygen
RED BLOOD CELLS
(ERYTHROCYTES)
 erythropoiesis
 the process of making red blood cells
 recycling
 red blood cells live 120 days
 phagocytosis–RBCs recycled
 hemolysis–RBCs broken open
WHITE BLOOD CELLS
(LEUKOCYTES)
 neutrophils
 first responders
 eosinophils
 allergic reactions
 basophils
 produce
histamine
WHITE BLOOD CELLS
(LEUKOCYTES)
 lymphocytes
 T cells
 B cells
 form antibodies
 monocytes
 become macrophages
CHARACTERISTICS OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS
 granulocytes
 neutrophils
 perform phagocytosis
 kill bacteria and fungi
 eosinophils
 destroy parasitic worms
 control allergic responses
 basophils
 release histamine
 active in allergic reactions
CHARACTERISTICS OF WHITE
BLOOD CELLS
 agranulocytes
 lymphocytes
 B cells produce antibodies
 T cells and NK cells fight
cancerous tumors and viruses
 monocytes
 perform phagocytosis
 live longer than neutrophils
 morph into macrophages and
remove dead cell debris and
attack microorganisms
PLATELETS (THROMBOCYTES)
 hemostasis
 stops bleeding
 steps of hemostasis
 vessel wall injury and constriction
 platelet aggregation
 platelet plug formation and coagulation
 blood clot formation and retraction
THE PROCESS OF HEMOSTASIS
REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
Fill in the blanks with: basophils, hemostasis,
hemoglobin, or T cell.
1. _______________ is a type of
lymphocyte.
2. _______________ produce histamine.
3. _______________ binds with oxygen.
4. _______________ stops bleeding.
DRAWING ACTIVITY
As a group pick 4 classes of
blood cells. Draw each blood cell
write the description, function, life
span, and deferential counts
THINK ABOUT IT
 Why cant someone with type A blood receive
blood from a person with type B blood?
 What role does the Rh factor play in pregnant
women?
Chapter 10: The Blood
LESSON 2
Blood Types
video
OBJECTIVES
 Identify the four blood types.
 Describe the role of antigens and antibodies in the blood.
 Explain the Rh classification system and why it is important.
 Identify the purpose of a complete blood count.
BLOOD TYPES
blood types
the Rh classification
system
complete blood count
BLOOD TYPES
 A, B, AB, and O
 antigens and antibodies
 antigen
 on surface of RBC, identify self and non-self
 antibody
 in blood plasma, mark foreign cells
BLOOD TYPES
BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
 agglutination
 clumping of RBCs
 universal recipient
 blood type AB
 universal donor
 blood type O
THE RH CLASSIFICATION
SYSTEM
 Rh-positive individuals
 have Rh factor antigen on RBCs
 Rh-negative individuals
 do not have Rh factor antigen on RBCs
 Rh factor complications
 erythroblastosis fetalis
 RhoGAM
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT
 detects blood disorders or diseases
REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
True or False?
1. Blood type O is the universal donor.
2. Agglutination is the clumping of RBCs.
3. Antigens are in blood plasma.
4. Antibodies are on the surface of RBCs.
5. Rh factor is positive or negative.
BLOOD TYPING RESOURCES
blood typing game
Pg. 543 in textbook
Chapter 10: The Blood
LESSON 3
Blood Disorders
and Diseases
OBJECTIVES
 Describe the differences between chronic and inherited anemias.
 Identify common blood disorders and diseases.
 Explain the difference between leukemia and multiple myeloma, two
forms of blood cancer.
THINK ABOUT IT
What does it mean to be anemic?
Which blood disorder causes yellowing of
the whites of the eyes and skin?
BLOOD DISORDERS AND
DISEASES
 anemia
 jaundice
 hemophilia
 polycythemia
 leukemia
 multiple myeloma
ANEMIA
 decrease in number of RBCs
 insufficient amount of hemoglobin
 acquired anemia
 deficient diet, parasitic worms, disease
 inherited anemia
 genetic makeup
ACQUIRED ANEMIAS
iron-deficient anemia
insufficient dietary intake of
iron
bleeding from intestinal worms
pregnancy
ACQUIRED ANEMIAS
 aplastic anemia
 damage to stem cells in bone marrow
 causes
 toxins
 radiation therapy or chemotherapy
 infectious disease
 heredity
ACQUIRED ANEMIAS
 pernicious anemia
 intestines can not absorb vitamin B12
 anemias caused by chronic disease
 rheumatoid arthritis
 kidney disease
 chronic infections
 cancer
INHERITED ANEMIAS
 sickle cell anemia
 RBCs have abnormal
shape
 crises–painful
episodes
 Cooley’s anemia
 cannot produce fully
formed hemoglobin
 cannot make enough
RBCs
JAUNDICE
 yellow-colored skin and
whites of the eyes
 excess bilirubin
 from breakdown of
RBCs
 possible liver damage
 newborns
photobank.kiev.ua/Shutterstock.com
BLOOD DISORDERS
 hemophilia
 inherited
 blood does not clot
 polycythemia
 overproduction of RBCs
 causes thick blood
LEUKEMIA
 cancer of the blood
 acute lymphocytic
leukemia
 over production of
lymphocytes
 acute myeloid leukemia
 too many myeloblasts
LEUKEMIA
chronic lymphocytic
leukemia
high level of lymphocytes
chronic myeloid leukemia
too many granulocytes
MULTIPLE MYELOMA
plasma cell cancer in bone
marrow
may damage bone
treatable
incurable
REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT
Match these words with 1–4 below: jaundice,
leukemia, anemia, hemophilia.
1. cancer of the blood
2. blood does not clot
3. yellow colored skin
4. decrease in number of RBCs