Transcript Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Sexually Transmitted Diseases
(STI’s)
Chlaymadia/syphillys
What are STI’s/STD’s?
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases are infections that
can be transferred from one person to another
through sexual contact.
• There are more than 25 diseases that can be
transmitted through sexual activity.
Top 10 risk factors
• Unprotected sex
• Multiple partners
• Under 25 years old/ Early age of sexual onset
• Alcohol Use
• Illicit Drug Use
Top 10 risk factors
• Trading sex for money/drugs
• Living in a community with high prevalence of
STDs
• Serial Monogamy (dating a large number of people
each year)
• Having an STD
• Using birth control as sole form on contraception
Who is at risk?
• Adolescents and young adults are at the highest risk
for developing an STD ages anywhere from 15-24.
• Anyone not using protecting and has had more than
1 partner puts you at a higher risk.
Important
• It is important to understand that sexual contact
does not just involve intercourse
• It can involve kissing, oral-genital contact, the use of
sexual "toys," such as vibrators, vaginal intercourse,
anal intercourse,
• No sex is “safe sex”
Protecting
• There is no way to guarantee that you will not
contract an STD but there are many ways you can
reduce your risk
•
Using condoms properly can be useful to protect
against some diseases such as HPV and gonorrhea
• condoms are less effective protecting against herpes,
trichomoniasis, and chlamydia. Condoms provide
little protection against HPV, the cause of genital
warts.
Preventing
• Learn about safer sex
• Talk to you partner about their STI status and
protection
• Get tested for STI’s if you are sexually active
• Be sure to follow up if you have been diagnosed to
be sure the disease has been treated
Types of STD/STI’s
• 3 types of STIs
• Bacterial- Vaginitis, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea,
Syphillis, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
• Viral – Herpes, Genetial warts, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis
C, HIV/AIDS
• Parasitic - Trichomonas
Chlamydia
• The most common sexually transmitted infection in
North America
• It is caused by the bacterium, Chlamydia
trachomatis
• Women report the disease more often than men
• 92 million new cases of Chlamydia each year
Signs/Symptoms
• Known as the “silent” disease
• 75% of women and 50% of men won’t show signs
• If symptoms start they will show within 1-3 weeks
after exposure
Signs/Symptoms - Men
• In men Chlamydia usually starts in the urethra,
symptoms may come and go and may only be
noticeable during the first urination of the day
• Painful/burning on urination
• Redness/swelling/burning/itching around opening
• Discharge from penis
Signs/Symptoms in Women
• A yellowish vaginal discharge that might have a foul
odor
• Painful burning during urination
• Bleeding between periods and after intercourse
• Pain during intercourse
• Pain in the lower abdomen
Results
• Chlamydia can cause pelvic inflammatory disease in
women in left untreated. Increases risk of ectopic
pregnancy and infertility if the fallopian tubes are
scared.
• Can also cause Cervicitis in women
• In men can cause epididymitis, urethritis and
reactive arthritis
Treatment
• Treatment is simple and effective once diagnosed
• Short antibiotic treatment
• Important to return for a check-up once the
treatment is complete to make sure of no
reoccurring infection
Prevention
• Using condom
• Having your partner be tested before intercourse for
the first time
• Get tested yourself
Syphilis
• Sexually transmitted disease caused by bacterium
Treponema Pallidium
• Sexually transmitted – venereal syphilis
• Pass from infected mother to her unborn child –
congenital syphilis
• 12 million new infections each year
Symptoms
• Same in men and women
• Can be mild and hard to set apart from other STDs
• Can take up to 3 months to appear after exposed
• Slowly progressing disease
• Several stages
• Primary and Secondary stages are very infectious
Primary stage
• Painless ulcers (1 or more) appear at the site where the
bacteria syphilis entered the body. Ulcers are also known
as Chancres
• Ulcers will usually appear 21 days after sexual contact
• Ulcers may be difficult to notice but they are highly
infectious
• Usual locations: on the vulva (outside vagina), on the
penis in men, around the anus and mouth in both men
and women
Primary Stage
• Without treatment these ulcers take between 2 and 6
weeks to heal
• If the infection does not get treated at all it will move
onto the Secondary stage of Syphilis
Secondary stage
• Will usually occur 3-6 weeks after the ulcers have appeared
• Symptoms are: a flu-like illness, tiredness, loss of appetite,
swollen glands
• Non-itchy rash covering the whole body in patches
• Flat, warty growths on the vulva in women and around the
anus in men and women
• White patched on the tongue or roof of mouth
• Patchy hair loss
Secondary stage
• During this stage syphilis is highly infectious and
can be sexually transmitted to a partner
• Symptoms usually clear up even if not treated and
may reoccur for following years
• Treatment during any of these stages will cure the
infection
Tertiary (Latent) stage
• If a person has not received treatment this far the infection will
move onto the latent stage.
• The person will not experience symptoms as in previous stages
• Infection can still be tested in the blood
• If left untreated the infection can lead to late syphilis (tertiary)
• Usually develops after 10 or more years and can effect the heart
and nervous system
• Treatment can still be given in the latent stage
Treatment
• Usually a two week period of intramuscular penicillin
injections or oral antibiotics
• Fewer doses needed the person has had syphilis for less
than a year
• Attend clinical regularly for blood tests until syhilis is
gone
• Blood tests will always be positive for syphilis for the rest
of your life because the body retains antibodies against
the bacteria