Transcript 491095Bloodborne Pathogens

Bloodborne Pathogens
Instructor: April Fuhr
• Hello everyone who downloaded this
presentation. This was designed for the
new material in May 2006. As far as I can
tell, much of it is covered in the DVD and
then again in the class, so it may seem
like a lot of repetition it really isn’t that bad.
It is designed to go along with your
manual. I hope it helps and please send
me feedback at [email protected].
• Remember that there are notes on some
slides. I hope this helps… Happy teaching
Introduction
•
•
•
•
•
About me
Employer Representative
Housekeeping
OSHA
Certificate
Purpose
• To teach employees…
–How bloodborne pathogens are
spread
–How to prevent exposure
–How to recognize, report, and follow
up on employee exposures.
How do we reduce the risk?
•
•
•
•
•
Proper work practices
Proper hygiene
Use of protective equipment
Training
What kinds of jobs would be covered
under the OSHA Standards?
Page 1 of the participants manual
Scenario 1
• A woman has cut her hand and arm
with a knife while opening a box. You
are the first trained person on the
scene and find the woman severely
bleeding from her hand and arm.
Blood is spurting from the wounds.
• How would you respond and what are
some of your concerns?
OSHA
• In 1991 OSHA (Occupational Safety
and Health Administration) issued
the bloodborne pathogens standard
to protect employees by reducing or
removing the hazards of bloodborne
pathogens from the workplace.
• This regulation applies to all persons
who have occupational exposure to
blood or other potentially infectious
materials
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=ST
ANDARDS&p_id=10051
How Infections Occur
How Infections Occur
• A pathogen is…
• The skin and mucous membranes of the
eyes, nose and mouth help keep
pathogens from entering the body.
• Immune system
• Bacteria and viruses
Bloodborne Pathogens that cause
serious diseases
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
HIV
Hepatitis B
• The term "hepatitis" refers to syndromes
or diseases causing liver inflammation,
including inflammation due to viruses and
chronic alcohol abuse.
• Hepatitis B is spread through blood and
sexual contact.
How it is spread
• Hepatitis B is
transmitted via
blood and other
body fluids.
Infection can occur
through:
– Contaminated
instruments and
needles
– Birth
Hepatitis B Symptoms
Early symptoms may
include…
– Nausea and vomiting
– Loss of appetite, fatigue,
muscle and joint aches.
Later symptoms include…
– Jaundice, with dark urine
and light stools
Hepatitis B Prevention
• Screening of Donated Blood
• Vaccinations
Hepatitis C
• It is the most common chronic bloodborne
infection in the U.S.
• The symptoms are similar to Hepatitis B
• There is no vaccine and no treatment after
exposure that will prevent infection.
HIV
• A virus that attacks the white blood cells,
destroys the immune system, and causes
AIDS.
• You can not tell who has it by looking at
them.
• Late stage symptoms include…
– Fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss
Conditions Necessary for
Disease Transmission
Pathogen
present
Conditions Necessary for
Disease Transmission
Pathogen
present
Sufficient
Quantity
Conditions Necessary for
Disease Transmission
Pathogen
present
Sufficient
Quantity
Susceptibility to
the disease
Conditions Necessary for
Disease Transmission
Pathogen
present
Sufficient
Quantity
Susceptibility to
the disease
Transmission
Site
How Pathogens Enter the Body
Direct
How Pathogens Enter the Body
Direct
Indirect
Activity
• Page 6 in your manual… How bloodborne
pathogens can enter the body through
direct and indirect contact.
The Exposure Control Plan
Exposure Control Plan





Exposure
determination
Employee training
Procedures for
evaluation exposures
Immunizations
Personal Protective
Equipment
Page 12 Participants Manual
Standard Precautions
OSHA Says…
Treat all body
fluids and
substances as
infectious.
Standard Precautions
•
•
•
•
Personal Hygiene Practices
Personal Protective Equipment
Engineering Controls
Work Practice Controls
Personal Protective Equipment
What precautions can you take
to protect yourself from
disease transmission when
giving care?
Personal hygiene practice
Personal Protective Equipment
Personal Protective Equipment
Personal Protective Equipment
• Activity- Determining when to use personal
protective equipment on the job.
• Page 9 Participants Manual
Skill Activity- Removing Disposable
Gloves
Pinch glove at the wrist,
being careful to touch only
the outside surface
Pull the glove toward the
fingertip without completely
removing it, it should be
partially inside out.
With the partially gloved hand
pinch the outside top of the
other glove. Pull towards the
fingertips until it is completely
removed.
Discard gloves
and wash your
hands
Pictures from cdc.gov
Grasp both gloves with
your free hand and
touch only the clean
surface on the inside of
the gloves.
Now you
practice!
Engineering and Work Practice
Controls
Engineering controls
Work practice controls
Equipment, Cleaning, Disinfecting
If a spill occurs
– Clean area as soon as possible
– Where protective barriers and wipe spills
with paper towels
– Flood area with 1 ½ cup bleach to 1 gallon
of water and allow to stand for at least 10
minutes
– Dispose of gloves in a biohazard container
– OSHA recommends you consider all blood
and body fluids infectious
Exposure Incidents
Wash cut or
exposed skin with
soap and water.
Flush splashes
with clean, sterile
water
Report exposure
to your supervisor
Follow the steps
in the exposure
control plan.
Putting it all together
• Group work
• Page 13 of your manual
• What do you do?
Any Questions?
Wrap-up
That’s All Folks