Transcript Challenge Biomedical Science – Immunology

Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
You and your team specialise in infectious disease. There is an emergency
situation in Cambodia and doctors are baffled as their usual method of swab
testing is not available at present. Six patients with similar symptoms have
died and they now have 2 more cases. Other countries have reported
similar cases.
The government wants the help of your team in identifying the disease
using your knowledge of infectious diseases. If the disease cannot be
identified the situation may become much more serious and develop into a
pandemic. In order to prevent this, the disease must be treated and stopped
from spreading.
The folder contains Jackie Montgomery’s medical notes and some
information on the disease. Jackie is currently in quarantine and is being
monitored. Assign each of the results to your specialists and have them
read the information and complete the task.
Your team need to report back to you with their findings. Record them onto
the Diagnosis Form.
Your Team:
2 Doctors
2 X-Ray specialist (Radiographer)
2 Nurses
1Disease control officer
1 Team Leader
Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
Team
Diagnosis
Patient: Jackie Montgomery
Write a description for each.
Temperature:
Respiration:
Pulse:
X- Ray:
Others in family
with similar symptoms:
Other Findings:
Lab results will take a further 12 hours to inform you of the
disease. You need to decide on the appropriate action to keep
your staff and other patients in the hospital safe.
Diagnosis:
Reason:
Further action needed:
Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
Odyssey
Hospital
Date: 21st February
Belfast
Time: 15:05
Name: Jackie Montgomery
Age: 35
DOB: 12/05/70
Sex: Female
Occupation: Poultry factory operative
Case History
4 days ago patient experienced a fever, sore throat and a cough. She is now
experiencing shortness of breath.
Two other family members are experiencing symptoms as well as other
workers.
Vaccinations: Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough) and polio.
Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) including this years Flu vaccination and
BCG (Tuberculosis)
Initial Examination
Doctor Jaffa
Complaints:
• Breathless at rest
• Diarrhoea
Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
Nurses Patient Monitoring
Information
No. of hours Temperatures Pulse Rate Respiration Rate
1
37.5
100
22
2
37.6
105
23
3
37.6
106
24
4
37.7
107
24
5
37.8
110
25
6
37.9
111
26
7
37.9
114
27
8
37.9
118
28
9
38
122
28
10
38
125
29
11
38.4
127
30
12
38.6
129
31
13
38.8
131
32
14
39
135
34
15
39
137
35
16
39
140
36
17
39.1
141
36
18
39.2
142
37
19
39.2
143
37
20
39.3
144
38
21
39.4
145
38
22
39.5
146
39
23
39.5
147
40
24
39.6
148
40
25
39.7
149
41
26
39.7
150
42
27
39.7
151
42
28
39.7
152
43
Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
Nurses Report
Use the tables on the patient’s temperature, respiration and
pulse rate to plot out lines graphs on the graphs provided.
How has each changed? Complete the report below when you
have finished.
Normal Body Temperature: 36.5 C – 37.2 C
Normal Pulse Rate: 60 – 100 bpm (beats per minute)
Normal Respiration rate: 15 to 20 breaths per minute.
Please complete the
report
Full Name
(Patient)
Age
Nurses Names(You)
Vital Signs Report
How did each change?
Respiration
Temperature
Pulse
Consultants 1 Signature:
Date:
Consultants 2 Signature:
Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
Disease Control Officers
Below are the current statistics for the unknown infectious disease. You
need to think about how dangerous this disease is. To help you, using the
highlighted numbers, draw a bar graph for the number of total cases each
year and on the same graph compare it to the number of deaths.
Then complete the report for your team leader
World Health Organisation 12th Nov ‘07
2003
Country
2004
D
C
2006
D
C
2007
D
C
Total
C
D
Azerbaija
n
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
5
0
0
8
5
Cambodi
a
0
0
0
0
4
4
2
2
1
1
7
7
China
1
1
0
0
8
5
13
8
3
2
25
16
Djibouti
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
Egypt
0
0
0
0
0
0
18
10
20
5
38
15
0
0
0
0
20
13
55
45
38
33
113
91
Iraq
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
2
0
0
3
2
Lao
People's
Dem.Rep
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
2
2
Nigeria
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
Thailand
0
0
17
12
5
2
3
3
0
0
25
17
Turkey
0
0
0
0
0
0
12
4
0
0
12
4
Viet Nam
3
3
29
20
61
19
0
0
7
4
100
46
Total
4
4
46
32
98
43
115
79
72
48
335
206
Indonesia
C
2005
D
C
D
Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
Disease Control Officers
Draw a bar graph using the information given.
N umber of Cases and Deaths of Infectious Disease
Throughout the W orld
400
350
300
N umbers of 250
200
People
150
100
50
0
Key
Cases
Death
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Total
Years
Complete the report
Disease Control Officers Report
Percentage of people who die after
infection
Number of countries affected
Procedures needed:
Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
X- Ray Specialists Report
Go to the light boxes where you will see two X-Rays.
A.
Healthy patients lungs
B.
Jackie Montgomery’s Lungs
How To read a Chest x-ray
•Air in lungs will appear dark
•Fluid in lungs will appear white. (infection)
Complete the report for your team leader
Full name
Age
Consultants
X-Ray Report
What do you think of patients X-Ray compared to a normal X-Ray
CHEST:
Date
Consultant 1 signature
Consultant 2 signature
Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
Doctors Blood Results
Look at the results from the lab. Use the information below and note
down the problems the patient may have.
Leukocyte count (White Blood Cells)
Low Level: due to the bone marrow producing fewer white blood cells.
This may be caused by infection.
Lymphocyte count (type of white blood cell)
Low Level: lymphocytes help to make antibodies to fight disease. It can be
caused by a number of things such as immune disorders, lupus, types of flu,
burns and surgery.
Haemoglobin (in red blood cells)
Low level: therefore the transport of oxygen through the body isn’t normal.
A person with low haemoglobin is said to be anaemic. There is no one
cause for this condition.
Platelet count
Low Level: vulnerable to bleeding even without injury. This can be brought
on by viral infections or chemotherapy etc.
Urea Nitrogen
Low Level: indicates kidneys that are not working properly
Creatinine
High levels: shows the amount of waste is in you blood is high, therefore
your kidneys aren’t working properly.
Challenge Biomedical Science –
Immunology
Doctors Blood Results
Please complete
Full Name
(Patient)
Age (Patient)
Consultants Names(You)
Laboratory Results Report
(Circle correct word)
LUEKOCYTE COUNT
Decreased
Increased Normal
LYMPHOCYTE COUNT
Increased Normal
Decreased
HEMOGLOBIN
Increased Normal
Decreased
PLATLET COUNT
Increased Normal
Decreased
UREA NITROGEN
Increased Normal
Decreased
CREATINE
Decreased
Possible causes include:
Increased
Normal
Consultants 1 Signature:
Date:
Consultants 2 Signature:
Possible problems::