Transcript Chapter 1- Wellness

Health Choices and
Behavior
Wellness and Your Choices
What Do You Think?
1.People
make hundreds of choices every
day that affect their health.
2.The
way adults contract most diseases is
by catching them from somebody else.
3.Accidents
are among the major causes of
death for teens.
Section 1
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Health- a range of states with physical, mental/
emotional, spiritual, and social components.
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Wellness- maximum well-being; the top of the
range of health states
Section 1
Daily Choices Affect Your Health
Lifestyle diseases- are diseases that may be
caused by neglect or poor choices
Examples: Heart Disease, Lung Disease, Cancer,
Diabetes and Liver Disease
The Leading Causes of Death
1.
2.
3.
4.
1890’s
Flu
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Digestive diseases
5.
6.
7.
8.
Bronchitis
Scarlet Fever
Stroke
Kidney Disease
2000’s
1. Heart Disease
2. Cancer
3. Stroke
4. Chronic Lung
Disease
5. Pneumonia/flu
6. Other accidents
7. Motor accidents
8. Suicide
Physical Health Yesterday and Today
 Infectious Diseases- Diseases that are caused by
infecting organisms
◦ Examples: smallpox and polio
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Lifestyle Choicesneglect of the body
Diseases that are made likely by
◦ Examples: heart disease, cancer, diabetes
 Lifestyle Diseases –Choices made daily; of how to
treat the body and mind
◦ Examples: what we eat, and when to exercise
Section 1
Family Medical History and Environment
Heredity- In some people the
tendency to develop certain diseases may
be common within in a family.
- Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly,
avoiding tobacco and other substances can
still reduce the person’s risk
Section 1
Family Medical History and Environment
Environment- This includes infectious
diseases caused by pollution of the air,
water, and food.
- Environmental impacts include physical,
social, and cultural environmental factors.
3 types of Environment
1. Physical environment refers to the place
where you live.
Include things like: air pollution, availability
of safe places to play, access to parks and
other recreational activities.
3 types of Environment
2. Social Environment refers to the people
around you, including your family and
friends.
- If the people around you tend to live a
healthy lifestyle the more likely you will be
to also engage in healthy behaviors.
3 types of Environment
3. Cultural environment refers to the beliefs
and customs that your family practices.
- Family’s culture can influence the food
you eat, whether or not you exercise, and
other aspects of your life.
Chronological Age vs. Physiological Age
Chronological age- is your age measured in
years from date of birth
Physiological age- is your age as estimated
from the body’s health and probable life
expectancy
5 Factors that Influence Physiological Age:
1. Get 8-9 hours of sleep each night
2. Eat regular, nutritious meals, including
breakfast
3. Engage in regular physical activity
4. Avoid the use of tobacco, alcohol, and
other drugs.
5. Maintain a healthy body weight.
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Activity:Each of you will be assigned Work
with a partner next to you and choose a
lifestyle factor. Answer the following
questions based on that factor.
1. What are the possible consequences to
individuals who do not follow this lifestyle
factor?
2. What consequences may affect others?
3. How do these consequences affect
one’s quality of life?
4. List ways in which teens can change
these behaviors and the benefits received
if lifestyle behaviors are changed.
Personal Responsibility is Central to Wellness
Spiritual
Wellness
Mental/
Emotional
Wellness
Personal
Responsibility
Physical
Wellness
Social
Wellness
Personal Responsibility is Central to
Wellness
Centenarians- people who have
reached the age of 100 years old or older.
Common traits- balanced diet, not
overweight, non-smokers, don’t abuse
alcohol or other drugs, good sleep habits
and physically active
Section 1
Portrait of a Well Person
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Emotional, Mental, and Spiritual
Maintains a strong self
Is willing to accept new ideas and try new
behaviors
Handles setbacks without loss of selfesteem
Feels life has meaning
Lives by a set of strong values
Section 2
Portrait of a Well Person
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Physical Health
Sleeps enough to function well
Maintains appropriate weight
Does not abuse any drugs including
alcohol and tobacco
Eats well balanced diet
Maintains appropriate weight
Good decision making regarding personal
safety
Section 2
Portrait of a Well Person
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Social Health
Develops supportive friendships
Effectively resolves conflicts
Can form a successful long-term
partnership
Socializes well with the others without the
influence of drugs and alcohol
Continues growing, learning, and facing
new challenges throughout life
Section 2
The Factors That Affect Health
Heredity
Physical
Environ
-ment
Total
Health
Daily
Decisions
Section 2
Available
Health
Care
Group Activity:
Creating a Portrait of Wellness
In Groups of 3-4, draw a picture of a
person, list their Chronological Age and
their Physiological Age, then give
evidence(Physical, Social, Spiritual,
Mental/Emotional) to support your claim
Section 2
Making Behavior Changes
Motivation- the force that moves
people to act
Drives- motivation that comes naturally
from instincts
Examples: Hunger, thirst, fear
Section 3
Obstacles to Change
1.
2.
3.
3 General Areas:
Competence- The person lacks needed
knowledge or skill to make the change
Confidence- The person has the needed
knowledge but believes that making a change is
beyond the scope or his/her ability
Motivation- The person possesses both
competence and confidence, but lacks sufficient
reason to change
Section 3
Motivation: Shaped by 4 factors
1. The value of the reward- how big is the
reward
2. Its timing- how soon will the reward come
3. The costs- what will be the risk or
consequences of seeking the reward
4. Its probability- how likely is the reward, and
how certain the price
Section 3
Action: Goal Setting
6 Steps to goal setting
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5.
6.
Pick a goal
List three behaviors
Preparation
My time commitment
How I’ll measure my progress
Reward
Section 3
Smart Model of Goal Setting
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Specific - A vague goal only has a slim chance of ever being
realized.
Measurable - A specific goal can be measured by answering
questions that begin with 'how'. How much? How many? How
long?
Attainable - Setting challenging goals will make you grow. It will
boost your self-esteem and create confidence. An attainable goal
must be within the realm of reason - challenging, but reasonable.
Realistic - A realistic goal is something that is realistic for you.
You define what is realistic or not. The way to define what is
realistic for you is to ask yourself if you are both willing and able
to work persistently and tenaciously toward this goal.
Timely - Your goal has to have a start and an end date. Without
these boundaries around your goal, procrastination, the arch
enemy of achievement, will sabotage your best efforts to attain a
good goal.
Section 3
Commitment
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Commitment- a decision adhered to for the
long-term, Commitment to a behavior depends
on continued rewards from it
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Will- a person’s intent which leads to action
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Self-efficacy- a person’s belief in his or her
ability to succeed at the task at hand
Section 3
Activity: Setting Goals
 1. My goal: I’d like to get in shape
 2. Behaviors:
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◦ I’ll save $3 a week so that I can buy weights
◦ Ill read a book on fitness
◦ I’ll join a walking club
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3. Preparation:
◦ I’ll keep the money in my top drawer
◦ I’ll borrow the book from the library
◦ I’ll clean up my walking shoes
4. Time Commitment: I’ll start on Tuesday,
and I’ll continue saving and walking for a
month.
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5. How I’ll measure my progress:
◦ I’ll record how far I walk each day
◦ I’ll graph my distances over a month
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6. My first reward: When I have collected
12 dollars, and walked for a month, I’ll
buy my hand weights
 Now
Let’s think of our own goals
using these steps!