Transcript FAT IS GOOD - Leaves Of Life UK

FAT IS
GOOD
But How Much,
and What Kind of Fat?
Although fat in the diet in the
number one concern amongst
grocery shoppers...
...30% more people are
overweight today than in
the late 1970’s.
Some of the “costs” of
being overweight
Diabetes
Stroke
Cancer
Heart Disease
The Framington Study found that systolic blood
pressure levels increased an average of six points
and LDL cholesterol levels increased an average of
nine mg/dl for every 10% increase above one’s ideal
body weight.
Results of lowering the blood pressure
For the general population,
a 3mm decrease in systolic blood pressure
would result in:
•11 percent fewer strokes
•7 percent fewer coronary events
•5 percent fewer deaths
Health Implications
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“Greatly” increases risks of:
Insulin Resistance • Gall Bladder Disease
& Stones
Diabetes Type II
• Cancers of Bowel,
Hypertension
Breast,
GU
Tract
Dyslipidemia
•
Skin
Diseases
Coronary Heart
(especially fungal
Disease
diseases)
Gout
• Sleep Apnea with
Osteoarthritis
chronic hypoxia
Solomon et al. Obesity & motality: a
review of epidemiological data. Am J
Clin Nutr 1997 Oct 66:4 1044S
Free or combined fats?
Good sources?
Refined Fat
It takes 10-14 ears of corn
to make one tablespoon
of corn oil. As refined
or free oil, it comes
without its fiber,
minerals, vitamins,
enzymes, and other
unknown nutrients.
Hyperlipemic blood. Marked creamy layer is
striking. When mixed, the blood sample
looks like cream of tomato soup.
Why do we need fat in the diet?
•Fat facilitates the absorption of the fat
soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K.
•A certain amount is also needed to make
our meals palatable.
•Fat supplies the essential fatty acids.
– Immune response
– Inflammatory reactions
– Blood pressure
– Blood clotting
– Hormonal balance
– Blood cholesterol levels
Saturated or Unsaturated
What’s the Difference?
Saturated vs. Unsaturated
Studies showed unsaturated
fats lowered heart attack rate
Massive shift to polyunsaturated cooking oils
Heart attacks have not
declined
Saturated Fat
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Come largely from animals
Are solid at room temperature
The worst kind of fats
Most responsible for excess manufacture of
cholesterol in the body
• Coconut, palm, and palm-kernel oil are also
highly saturated
Saturated
Fat
Polyunsaturated fats
• Liquid at room temperature.
• Come from vegetable sources such as corn,
soybean, safflower, sunflower, sesame,
cottonseed.
• Often hydrogenated, forming trans-fatty
acids which have been found to be a likely
cause of cancer.
Unsaturated
Fat
Monounsaturated fats
• Olive oil, peanut oil, olives, and avocados.
• Also found in beans, grains, vegetables,
nuts, and seeds.
• Determined to be the best kind of fat.
Fat Remains Longer in the Stomach
• It coats the particles of carbohydrates
and protein.
• Salivary and gastric juices cannot digest
fats.
• These particles of food pass out of the
stomach undigested.
• Fermentation, sour stomach, heartburn,
gas, and indigestion occur
Fried Foods
• Frying fats reaches temperatures of over
315o Celsius.
• At these temperatures the natural cis-fatty
acids are converted into trans-fatty acids.
Fat Head...
• Large amounts of saturated fats can cause a sharp
drop in the amount of oxygen that reaches the brain
cells.
• Good though requires a good amount of oxygen in
the brain.
• In one study using dairy cream, the oxygen in the
brain dropped 30%.
• Restricted blood flow to the brain impairs clear
thinking, causes headaches, and leads to senility.
• A fat-rich meal can cause the oxygen level in the
brain to drop to 68% and require three days to return
to 95% of normal.
...or Air Head?
• Excess fat causes the red blood cells to stick
together, reducing their oxygen carrying
capacity.
• Only a 35% reduction of oxygen is
necessary to produce malignant cells from
normal cells.
• Nine to twelve hours are required for this
clumping to begin reversing, and 72 hours
for circulation to return to normal.
Fight Heart Disease
 Help decrease platelet stickiness
 Decrease blood pressure
 Decrease serum triglycerides
 Decrease muscular damage from
heart attack
 Decrease likelihood of blood vessel
blockage after angioplasty or surgery
 Fish from mildly polluted water concentrate
toxins up to more that 1,000,000 times more than
detected in water
 Toxins in their fatty tissues include pesticides,
chlorinated hydrocarbons, mercury, and dioxin
Fish can also be contaminated with PCB’s,
various heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbons,
halogenated organic compounds, and lead
Biomagnification of DDD Insecticide
Sample site
DDD,ppm
Lake water
0.02
Phytoplankton
5
Herbivorous fish
40-300
Carnivorous fish
>2,500
Problems with Fish and Fish Oil
• Can worsen blood sugar levels in diabetics
• Large amounts can dangerously prolong blood
clotting time
• Fish oil is expensive
• Can lead to an increase in body weight
• Sea food is a large reservoir for infectious diseases
• Toxins acquired from contaminated
waters concentrate in the fatty
tissues of fish
A Sad State
Ideal Diet
Standard American Diet
• 1-25% Fat
>75% Unsaturated
• 5% Protein
• 70-90% Unrefined
Carbohydrates
(mostly complex)
• 37% Fat
80-90% Saturated
• 12% Protein
• 27% Carbohydrates
(mostly refined)
• 24% Refined Sugar!
The Fat Family Weighs in
Saturated
B
ut
te
r
at
ff
ee
B
C
hi
ck
en
fa
t
t
nu
Pe
a
e
So
yb
ea
n
M
ar
ga
rin
e
liv
O
or
n
C
er
fl o
w
er
Su
n
fl o
w
Sa
f
C
an
ol
a
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Polyunsaturated
Monounsaturated
Under 30 and fatty streaks
already
Aorta wall covered with fatty streaks vs.
cholesterol level in people under 30
60
50
%
51
40
30
30
20
19
10
21
12
0
110
140
170
200
Serum cholesterol
230
Serum Cholesterol & Mortality
Risk
200
183
150
Mortality
Risk
140
100
80
50
58
55
0
Cholesterol Level
200
200-219
220-239
240-259
260…
Sources of Dietary Cholesterol
Cholesterol is found
ONLY in meat, milk,
eggs, and cheese.
This includes chicken
and fish.
Common Atherosclerotic
Sites
• Cerebral arteries
• Stroke
• Carotid arteries
• Heart attack
• Coronary arteries
• Angina pectoris
• Aorta
• Aneurysm
• Renal arteries
• Intermittent claudication
• Femoral arteries
• Gangrene
Fat content of dairy products
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Skim milk…… 0-1%
Filled milk…….. 2%
Whole milk…… 3%
Cream cheese…. 35%
Cheddar…….…. 32%
American……… 30%
Muenster………. 30%
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Swiss……….….. 25%
Mozzarella…..… 25%
Neufchâtel….….. 25%
Camembert… 25-27%
Brie………… 25-27%
Ricotta…………. 12%
Cottage cheese.. 3-5%
Cheese & butter 2-4 times a week...
• 3.2 times higher risk of breast
cancer for women compared to
once a week use
• 3.6 times greater risk of fatal
prostate cancer for men who eat
meat, dairy, eggs daily over
sparingly
Lifestyle Changes and
Mortality Reduced Heart Disease
Deaths
In Finland, 14,257 men and 14,786 women:
Actions:
• lowered cholesterol
intake
• lowered blood
pressure
• stopped smoking
Results:
• 55% decreased death
rate in men
• 68% decreased death
rate in women
Total Vegan Diet Benefits
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Zero cholesterol
Low saturated fat
High fiber
Zero animal protein
Rich in antioxidants
Rich in folic acid and B6
Promotes weight control
More nutrients for the dollar
7 Steps to Lower
Triglycerides
• Lose weight
• Exercise
• Eat less fat
• Decrease stress
• Stop smoking
• Abstain from alcohol
• Avoid sugar