Transcript hpai vaccination and other control measures: the

HPAI VACCINATION AND OTHER CONTROL
MEASURES: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE
By
Dr. Mohammed Dantani Saidu DVM,M.VSc FCVSN
Deputy Director/Component Coordinator (Animal Health).
Avian Influenza Control and Human Pandemic Preparedness & Response Project.
Presented at the Global Distance Learning Network Seminar
Conference on HPAI Vaccination; March 19,2008.
INTRODUCTION
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Nigeria historically has used vaccination to
control major Transboundary animal diseases
both in Livestock and poultry such as:
Rinderpest and CBPP through JP15 and JP28
Newcastle, Infectious bursal Disease etc
Vaccination was also used to control
resurgence of Rinderpest in Nigeria in the
1980s.
INTRODUCTION contd
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Before the incursion of Avian Influenza in
Nigeria, the country has prepared a
comprehensive emergency preparedness and
response plan to deal with the disease;
Vaccination is part of our Emergency
preparedness and response plan.
VACCINES AND VACCINATION
CONSIDERATION
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Poultry population – 140million
Holdings/sectoral distribution
 Commercial
25%
 Semi-commercial
15%
 Backyards
60%
Types of vaccines available
Vaccination strategies (Ring, Targeted and mass
vaccination)
Quality of Veterinary services
Status of Vet infrastructures
VACCINES AND VACCINATION
CONSIDERATION contd
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Source of funding for vaccination and
supporting logistics
Disease surveillance and DIVA
Implication of vaccination on international
trade
Exit strategy
CONTROL MEASURES
ADOPTED
1.
Modified stamping out with payment of
compensation to affected farmers to serve as
an incentive for early reporting and therefore
early reaction.
Total compensation paid from inception of AI
in Nigeria to date is N623,077,880 to 2733
affected farmers for 1,250,345 birds
depopulated.
CONTROL MEASURES
ADOPTED contd
2. Disease Surveillance
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The existing surveillance network put in
place by the Epidemiology unit of the
Federal Department of Livestock was used
for AI Surveillance. The project is currently
expanding the network to cover the whole
country through training and provision of
facilities to an additional 774 surveillance
agents.
AI status in Nigeria from inception
to date
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Total Number of suspicions = 1178
Total Number of +ve cases
= 298
States with Suspicions
= 32 + FCT
States with +ve results
= 25 +FCT
LGAs with +ve results
= 97
Total depopulated Birds- 1,250,345
Last Outbreak- 6th Oct,2007 at Nsugbe Village,
Anambra East in Anambra State
CONTROL MEASURES
ADOPTED contd
3. CAPACITY BUILDING
 Several Trainings both incountry and overseas
were conducted for both Federal, State,
Universities and Private Vets. Today in each
of the states of the federation there are Vets
that have been trained in disease investigation,
reporting, depopulation and decontamination
CAPACITY BUILDING contd
Trainings and Meetings:
 Over 50 National and State workshops on
Emergence Preparedness Plan, Bio-security,
Public Enlightenment etc for all stakeholders;
 Participated in over 20 International
Seminars/trainings.
 Nigeria organised the 1st cross border meeting
with the Republic of Benin and also attended
the cross border meeting in Togo.
CONTROL MEASURES
ADOPTED contd
4 Veterinary Stockpile
A veterinary stockpile has been established
both at the central and state level with
assistance of USAID, FAO, China and other
development partners.
CONTROL MEASURES
ADOPTED contd
5 Movement Control.
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During the implementation of our control strategies, control of
movement of poultry and poultry products, and the lack of
understanding and appreciation of the reasons and need for
bio-security by small holder rural poultry farmers coupled
with the absence of facilities at the rural household level to put
in place appropriate bio-security measures were some of the
major challenges we faced.
In addition we had resurgence of infection betwen Dec 2006march 2007.
CONTROL MEASURES
ADOPTED contd
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In order to tackle the above challenges, we
introduced some intervention which were
specifically targeted at live bird markets and
control posts.
Live bird market disinfection is being carried
out on weekly basis by our field desk officers
nationwide. The objective is to break the chain
of transmission of the virus because live bird
markets are a potential hub for AI.
CONTROL MEASURES
ADOPTED contd
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The control posts were also provided with
disinfectants and sprayers to spray vehicles
conveying poultry and poultry products from
North to South and Vice Versa.
Conclusion
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These interventions yielded dividends as the last
outbreak of AI in Nigeria was reported in Oct, 2007
in Anambra State.
Vaccination remains one of the tools that we can use
to control AI in Nigeria and we are looking forward
to interacting with and learning from our colleagues
in other countries who have successfully employed
vaccination as a tool especially in the areas of
Improved efficacy of available vaccines
Ease of application in rural poultry
Exit plan