Transcript Agricultural Work: Occupational Diseases

Occupational History
Taking and Physical
Examinations
A. H. Mehrparvar
Yazd University of medical sciences
Occupational History
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Present job
Previous jobs
Duration of employment
Occupational exposures
Specific tasks
Non-occupational exposures
Personal factors
Occupational Examinations
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Pre-placement
Fitness for work
Periodic
Return to work
Exit
Specific
Agricultural Work:
Occupational Diseases
Introduction
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Agricultural work seems a safe
and healthy job:
- weather
- less pollution
High incidence of morbidity and
mortality
One of the most hazardous jobs
Introduction
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A unique industry:
- Workers in all ages
- Constant, seasonal and migrant
workers
- Farm as worksite and home
- Working extra times
Occupational hazards
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Physical
Chemical
Biologic
Ergonomic
Accidents
Physical hazards
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Heat
- Heat stroke
Sunlight (UV)
- Dermatitis
- Cancer
Noise (equipment, Vehicles)
Chemical hazards
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Pesticides:
- Organophosphates
- Carbamates
- Organochlorines
Fertilizers
Nitrogen oxides
Biologic hazards
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Infectious diseases (Zoonosis):
- Brucelosis
- Leptospirosis
- Anthrax
- Toxoplasmosis
Ergonomic hazards
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Lifting
Bending and twisting of trunk
Repetitive work by hands (e.g.
picking)
Awkward postures (Kneeling,
Squatting, Overhead work, …)
Accidents
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A high frequency of accidents
- minor trauma (laceration, …)
- Major trauma
Special diseases
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Trauma
Respiratory diseases
Skin diseases
Cancers
Infections
Musculoskeletal diseases
Trauma
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Equipments
Falling objects
Vehicles
Falling
Drowning
Animals
Respiratory diseases
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Organic dust toxic syndrome (ODTS)
Chronic Bronchitis
Asthma
Farmers’ lung (Hypersensitivity
pneumonitis)
Silo Fillers’ disease
Skin diseases
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Dermatitis:
- ACD, ICD
- Due to: Sunlight, Pesticides, Corps,
livestock, As
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Cancers
Cancers
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Causes:
- UV
- Chemicals (pesticides, …)
Types:
- Skin (SCC, BCC, Melanoma)
- Lymphatic
- Hematopoietic
- Stomach, Brain, Prostate
MSDs
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Low back pain
Repetitive strain injuries
Physical examination
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Respiratory system
Musculoskeletal system
Skin
Nervous system
Carpet Weavers:
Occupational diseases
Introduction
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A unique industry:
- Workers in all ages
- Constant, seasonal and migrant
workers
- Same worksite and home
- Working extra times
Occupational hazards
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Chemical (organic dust)
Biologic (infectious agents)
Ergonomic (prolonged sitting,
static work, awkward posture)
Specific diseases
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Pulmonary (asthma, ODTS, …)
Infectious (anthrax)
Skin (dermatitis)
Examinations
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Musculoskeletal system
Eye
Skin
Respiratory system