Transcript Use of OIE Codes for international trade

REGIONAL
SEMINAR FOR RECENTLY APPOINTED OIE DELEGATES
BRUSSELS / BELGIUM
FEBRUARY 2014
Use of OIE standards
for international trade
Content of the presentation
 Official status – self declaration disease status
 Common definitions
 International prescribed tests
 Import requirements (into EU)
 Export to non-EU countries
Pierre Naassens, CVO Belgium 19/02/2014
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Official recognized disease status
• Official disease status - certificate
• Mai, 2012: Belgium received the
« OIE negligible risk status for BSE »
– International signal
– Used as a basis of trust to start
negotiations on the export of:
• Veal meat to Japan
• Bovine meat to South Africa
– Helps to open the export markets
• Unfortunaly, sometimes it is still not accepted by the importing party and all
documents that have led to this status are requested again
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Self declaration disease status
• Self declaration disease status
• Mai 24, 2013: Belgium declared itself
« Free of bluetongue »
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Information from official authorities
Available worldwide
Basis to sign certificates
Basis to renegotiate
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Terrestrial Animal Health Code
Common definitions
Common interpretation
• Names of diseases
– Diseases are clearly defined in the terrestrial code
and manual
– Translation of the names are available
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Terrestrial Animal Health Code
Common definitions
Common interpretation
– Clear definition of the concerned population
For example “Newcastle disease”
Poultry is defined as ‘all domesticated birds, including backyard poultry, used for the production of
meat or eggs for consumption, for the production of other commercial products, for restocking
supplies of game, or for breeding these categories of birds, as well as fighting cocks used for any
purpose’.
Birds that are kept in captivity for any reason other than those reasons referred to in the preceding
paragraph, including those that are kept for shows, races, exhibitions, competitions, or for breeding or
selling these categories of birds as well as pet birds, are not considered to be poultry.
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Terrestrial Animal Health Code
Common definitions
Common interpretation
• status “Officially free”
– Since 1998, the OIE has the mandate from the
WTO to officially recognise disease-free areas of
countries for trade purposes (6 diseases).
– Procedure for official recognition of status for:
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Rinderpest (eradicated)
Foot and mouth disease
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia
African horse sickness
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Peste de petits ruminants (from 2014)
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Terrestrial Animal Health Code
Common definitions
Common interpretation
• “Officially free”
– Information on the definition of official free status
in the Terrestrial Animal Health Code for (e.g.):
• Country or zone free from bovine tuberculosis, Compartment free from
bovine tuberculosis, Herd free from bovine tuberculosis
• Country or zone free from bovine brucellosis, Herd officially free from
bovine brucellosis, Herd free from bovine brucellosis
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Manual of Diagnostic Tests and
Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals
International prescribed tests
• List of tests for international trade
• Used for negotiations
• For example: “Export of live horses”
– Horses must be tested for “contagious
equine metritis” according to OIE
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Manual of Diagnostic Tests and
Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals
International prescribed tests
• OIE Reference Laboratories
• Standardized test
• ISO-methods
• Test methodology clearly described
– Reliable tests
– No discussion necessary
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Import requirements
Determine import requirements of live
animals in the European Union:
– Test methods of OIE
• Classical Swine Fever
• Salmonella
• Avian influenza
– Quarantine prescriptions
• Apes
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Import requirements
Legislation of the importing country:
– Notifiable diseases differ
– Stricter legislation on own population that OIE
standards
– Strict surveillance program present
–…
Import conditions differ from OIE
conditions
Information on disease status
on OIE website (WAHID)
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(EU to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on export requirements
• Sometimes export can be done based on OIE
rules
– For example “Export of horse semen”
• No requirements for “Borna Disease” are mentioned in the OIE
“Animal Terrestrial Health Code”
• The importing country accepted to delete this requirement
during negotiations
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(EU to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on requirements
• Sometimes OIE- standards are used during
negotations to define requirements but not
followed:
– For example “Export of bovine semen”
• The following condition is required by the importing country:
“semen collection centre should be located in areas included in
a national surveillance program conducted in accordance with
OIE guidelines for prevention, control and eradication of Bovine
Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) and Bluetongue”
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(EU to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on export requirements
• Sometimes OIE is used during negotations
and to define requirements but not followed:
– For example “Export of bovine semen”
• Whereas OIE indicates that
– When authorizing import or transit of the following commodities and any
products made from these commodities and containing no other tissues
from cattle, Veterinary Authorities should not require any BSE related
conditions, regardless of the BSE risk status of the cattle population of the
exporting country, zone or compartment:
» semen and in vivo derived cattle embryos collected and handled in
accordance with the recommendations of the International Embryo
Transfer Society;
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(EU to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on export requirements
• Sometimes OIE is clear but the importing
party withholds the permission to follow OIE:
– For example “Export of horses”
• Horses must be tested for West Nile Fever and may not be
vaccinated
• whereas OIE indicates that
– “Member Countries should not impose trade restrictions on
dead-end hosts such as horses”
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(EU to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on export requirements
• Sometimes OIE is clear but the importing
party withholds the permission to follow OIE:
– For example “Export of poultry meat”
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(EU to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on export requirements
– For example “Export of poultry meat”
– Request:
There should have been no outbreaks of fowl cholera, pullorum,
fowl typhoid, Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD), Marek’s Disease,
Duck Virus hepatitis (only for duck meat), Duck Virus enteritis (only
for duck meat), Newcastle Disease (lentogenic ND) and other
serious infectious diseases of poultry during the past 12(twelve)
months at the poultry farm of origin. There should have been no
isolation of Salmonella enteritidis (phage type 4) during the past
12(twelve) months at the poultry farm of origin.
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on export requirements
– For example “Export of poultry meat”
– Defense:
In Belgium, only Fowl cholera, Marek's disease and Newcastle Disease are
notifiable diseases for poultry intended for slaughter.
Also the Terrestrial Animal Health Code 2006 has in his health standards no
animal health certification requirements for poultry meat and poultry
products in relation to:
Fowl cholera in Chapter 2.7.11.; Fowl typhoid and Pullorum disease in Chapter 2.7.5.; Infectious Bursal Disease
(IBD, Gumboro Disease) in Chapter 2.7.1.; Marek’s disease in Chapter 2.7.2.; Duck Virus Hepatitis in Chapter
2.7.9.; Duck Virus Enteritis in Chapter 2.7.10.
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on export requirements
– For example “Export of poultry meat”
– Proposal :
Therefore the FASFC proposes, in order to bring this point 3 also in line with
article 2, point 2, to change and clarify the first sentence, as follows:
“There should have been no outbreaks of fowl cholera, pullorum, fowl
typhoid, Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD), Marek’s Disease, Duck Virus
hepatitis (only for duck meat), Duck Virus enteritis (only for duck meat),
Newcastle Disease (lentogenic ND) and other serious infectious diseases of
poultry, placing the poultry farm of origin under animal health restrictions,
during the past 12(twelve) 2(two) months at the poultry farm of origin.”
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(EU to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on export requirements
– For example “Export of poultry meat”
– Reaction non-EU country :
We understand Belgium’s point. However, as this article is part of the
standard agreements we have with all the other countries, it would not be
fair for the other exporters to change this.
Moreover, the domestic market is also submitted to all the above mentioned
restrictions. This would give Belgian exporters an unfair advantage over the
domestic producers as well.
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Export requirements
(EU to non-EU Countries)
Negotiate on export requirements
• Sometimes OIE leaves room for discussion:
– For example “PRRS requirements”
• In the past, there has been a chapter in the OIE “Terrestrial
Animal Health Code”.
– Only requirements for ‘porcine semen’ were mentioned, no
requirements for pork were mentioned.
– At this moment, there is no chapter on PRRS in the
Terrestrial Animal Health Code.
– The report of the OIE ad hoc group on PRRS does not set
clear lines.
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Almost unlimited use !
• Official disease status of other countries
– Information on the disease status of the importing
country
– Certifying of products derived from imported
products
• Information on emerging diseases
– For example “Schmallenbergvirus”
– Related to interruption of trade
• …
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain
Thank you for your attention
Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain