Transcript Document

AQUATIC ANIMAL DISEASE REPORTING:
ENSURING TRANSPARENCY
Dr Karim Ben Jebara
Head
Animal Health Information Department
OIE
TOPICS
•
INTRODUCTION
•
LEGAL OBLIGATIONS
•
GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THE SYSTEM
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IMMEDIATE NOTIFICATION
SIX-MONTHLY REPORTS
ANNUAL REPORTS
•
WAHIS, WAHID AND WAHIS version 2
•
TRACKING OF UNOFFICIAL DISEASE INFORMATION
•
OIE REGIONAL CORE (e.g. OIE/NACA)
•
TRANSPARENCY
INTRODUCTION
• Since 1924
• 178 Members
• Objectives:
• Transparency of the animal disease situation worldwide
• Scientific information to help Member Countries to
improve the methods used to control and eradicate
diseases
• Safety of international trade of animals and animal
products
• International support to developing countries and the role
played by Veterinary Services
• Food safety and animal welfare
LEGAL OBLIGATIONS
• Since its creation in 1924, both the OIE and its
Members have unconditional duties to disclose all
relevant information on animal diseases
The OIE Organic Statutes
(since 1924)
The OIE Codes
(updated annually)
LEGAL OBLIGATIONS
OIE Organic Statutes
• Article 4: OIE task is the collection of all facts and
documents about the spread of diseases, their control
measures and their notification to the government or
veterinary authorities
• Article 5: OIE Members shall send to the OIE HQ
notification of occurrence of animal diseases
• Article 9: OIE is required to inform its Members
automatically, on any information collected by the OIE, via
bulletin or special notification. In urgent situations this
information must be provided immediately
LEGAL OBLIGATIONS
The OIE Codes
• Chapter 1.1 of the OIE’s Terrestrial and Aquatic Codes
• “Notification of Diseases and Epidemiological
Information”
• Article 1.1.2 in the two Codes:
“Members shall make available to other Members,
through the OIE, whatever information is necessary to
minimise the spread of important animal diseases and to
assist in achieving better worldwide control of these
diseases.
OIE’S LIST OF DISEASES
Chapter 1.3. of the Aquatic Code
Changes to the list enter into
force the
1st of January following the
adoption of the amended
Chapter
(Resolution XXIX adopted on 25
May 2005)
OIE’S LIST OF DISEASES
Listing criteria
Significant
production losses
Likely to negatively affect wild
aquatic animal populations
OR
OR
The agent is of public
health concern
AND
Infectious aetiology
proven
OR
An infectious agent is strongly associated with the disease,
but the aetiology is not yet known
AND
Potential for international spread
AND
Several countries or zones may
be declared free of the disease
AND
A repeatable and robust means
of detection/diagnosis exists
Inclusion of the disease
in the list
Article 1.2.1.
OIE’S LIST OF DISEASES
Listing criteria - emerging disease
Infectious aetiology of
the disease is proven
OR
An infectious agent strongly associated with the
disease, but the aetiology is not yet known
AND
The agent is of public
health concern
OR
Significant spread in naive populations of
wild or cultured aquatic animals
Inclusion of the disease
in the list
Article 1.2.2.
WHAT DOES NOTIFICATION MEAN?
Means the procedure by which:
- Veterinary Authority informs OIE Headquarters
- OIE Headquarters informs Veterinary Authorities
of the occurrence of an outbreak of disease or infection
according to the provisions of the Chapters 1.1. of OIE’s Codes
Each
Veterinary
Authority
OIE
Headquarters
All Members’
Veterinary
Authorities
GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THE SYSTEM
Immediate notifications and Follows-ups
OIE’s early warning system
International alert messages
Rapid response
Regular information through six-monthly and annual
reports
OIE’s monitoring system
To monitor OIE Listed diseases (presence or absence) over time
TYPES OF REPORTS
 Immediate notification of disease, infection or unusual
epidemiological events
 Weekly reports: Follow-ups to
the immediate notification
early warning
 Final report :
- if the outbreaks have ended
- if the situation becomes endemic
 Six-monthly report
 Annual report
monitoring
IMMEDIATE NOTIFICATIONS
OIE’S EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
Immediate notification
Follow-up report
within 24 hours
weekly report
Follow-up to the immediate notification to inform on
changes in the epidemiological situation
Final report
REASONS FOR IMMEDIATE NOTIFICATION
WITHIN 24 HOURS
• the first occurrence of a listed disease and/or
infection in a country or zone/compartment
• the re-occurrence of a listed disease and/or infection
in a country or zone/compartment
REASONS FOR IMMEDIATE NOTIFICATION
WITHIN 24 HOURS
• for diseases listed by the OIE, if the disease has
occurred in a new host species; or
• for diseases listed by the OIE, if the disease has
occurred with a new pathogen strain or in a new
disease manifestation; or
REASONS FOR IMMEDIATE NOTIFICATION
WITHIN 24 HOURS
• for diseases listed by the OIE, if the disease has a
newly recognised zoonotic potential; or
• for diseases not listed by the OIE, if there is a case of
an emerging disease or pathogenic agent should there
be findings that are of epidemiological significance to
other countries.
SINCE 2005 SPECIFIC NEW IMMEDIATE NOTIFICATON/FOLLOWUP REPORTING FORMS HAVE BEEN DESIGNED TO COLLECT
DATA FOR AQUATIC ANIMAL DISEASES
OIE IMMEDIATE NOTIFICATIONS
IN distributed by the OIE 2005-2010
250
200
150
100
50
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
SIX-MONTHLY REPORTS
OIE’S MONITORING SYSTEM
Six-monthly report
on the absence or presence of listed diseases
Part 1: Qualitative information
• disease occurrence;
• control, prophylaxis and prevention measures;
• indication of the type of template to use to notify diseases or
infections/infestations present in the country (=> part 2).
OIE’S MONITORING SYSTEM
Six-monthly report
on the absence or presence of OIE listed diseases
Part 2: Quantitative information
•
•
•
•
Template 1: By first administrative division and by month;
Template 2: For the whole country by month;
Template 3: By first administrative division for the six months period;
Template 4: For the whole country for the six-months period.
SINCE 2005 MONTHLY INFORMATION CAN BE
PROVIDED FOR AQUATIC ANIMAL DISEASES
ANNUAL REPORTS
OIE’S MONITORING SYSTEM
Annual report
The sum of information of the tow six-monthly reports of a given year
and:
• Non OIE-listed diseases;
• Human resources in Veterinary Services;
• National Reference Laboratories;
• Animal population/production for aquatic animals (by first
administrative division);
• Zoonoses (human cases and deaths);
• Production of vaccines.
WORLD ANIMAL HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM (WAHIS)
WAHIS, is the new OIE’s
world animal health
information system.
An access (login, password) is
given to each Delegate.
He/she has the possibility to
create an access to his/her
nominees.
Address:
www.oie.int/wahis
PUBLIC INTERFACE: WAHID
http://www.oie.int/wahid
WORLD ANIMAL HEALTH INFORMATION DATABASE (WAHID)
The international community can explore
available information:
• by country (or group of countries), regions
• by disease,
• focusing on control measures
WORLD ANIMAL HEALTH INFORMATION DATABASE (WAHID)
WORLD ANIMAL HEALTH INFORMATION DATABASE (WAHID)
WAHID differentiates outbreaks between domestic and wild species
Example:
Epizootic ulcerative
syndrome
South Africa
December 2010
First occurrence of a listed
disease
NEW VERSION OF WAHIS – WAHIS 2 SCREENSHOT
SOME NEW FUNCTIONALITIES OF WAHIS 2
•
Differentiated registration and display for the occurrence code when relevant
between domestic and wild animals (already implemented starting from 2009)
•
Two completely separate six-monthly reports one for terrestrial and one for aquatic
animals (Members can provide available information without blocking the submission
process)
•
Improvement of the management of periodicity of reporting diseases within the sixmonthly period (for an on-going six-month period): send monthly information for a
selected number of diseases that are known to be present, which could be validated
and made public on monthly basis, without submitting the whole report (the rest of
the report will be completed at the end of the period)
TRACKING AND VERIFICATION OF UNOFFICIAL INFORMATION
*
An average of 2 IN related to an aquatic animal disease are obtained each
year thanks to this activity.
*2011 up to 30/05/2011
TRACKING AND VERIFICATION OF UNOFFICIAL INFORMATION
six-monthly reports tracking results for aquatic animal diseases in 2010
Disease
Crayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci)
Epizootic ulcerative syndrome
Gyrodactylosis (Gyrodactylus salaris)
Infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Infection with Bonamia exitiosa
Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia
answer
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
• In 2010, a verification of information on aquatic animal diseases was
requested from 11 countries, all of them have answered;
• Most of the countries accepted to modify their six‐monthly reports according
to the OIE brought evidence of the occurrence or suspected occurrence of
certain aquatic animal diseases;
•
One verified information has led to an immediate notification.
WAHIS - REGIONAL CORE
• The OIE Regional Core strategy: to help OIE Members meet their regional
requirements and their obligations to notify diseases to the OIE, while
avoiding duplication and discrepancies.
• For aquatic animal diseases, the OIE has signed an agreement with the
Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific (NACA).
• The development of this Regional Core has been included as a component
of the Development of WAHIS 2 and tests are in the final stage.
WAHIS 2- Administrator: RC creation
Possibility to add a
Regional programme
The level of details are outbreak
by outbreak or by month
WAHIS 2 Administrator Version – RC - countries participating
Possibility to add
countries participating
to a regional programme
WAHIS 2 Administrator Version - RC - diseases of interest
Possibility to add diseases
of interest to a region
OIE/NACA - WAHIS - REGIONAL CORE
Data Transfer for
OIE/NACA
Database
of OIE/NACA
WAHIS
Regional
Core
(specific tables)
Monthly reports
Transfer of data on
OIE-listed diseases
(and OIE validation)
Extraction of data on
non OIE-listed diseases
Extraction of data
on OIE-listed disease
Regional Websites: OIE Asia- Pacific & NACA
OIE/NACA WAHIS Interfaces
OIE WAHIS
Database
OIE Website
WAHID Interface
TRANSPARENCY
In 2010, 191 IN were made by Members including 13 on an aquatic animal
disease
Aquatic IN received in 2010
3
2
1
0
TRANSPARENCY
World Animal Health Coverage by WAHIS for
Terrestrial and Aquatic Animal Diseases in 2009
170 Members provided an annual animal health report, 68% from them where for
terrestrial and aquatic animal diseases.
TRANSPARENCY
World Animal Health Coverage by WAHIS for
Terrestrial and Aquatic Animal Diseases in 2010
150 Members provided an annual animal health report, 78.7% from
them where for terrestrial and aquatic animal diseases (updated up
to 23 June 2011)
Conclusions
• The establishment of a single list of diseases by the OIE since 2005
has benefited for aquatic animal diseases since specific forms were
designed for Immediate notification and follow-up reports and are in
place;
• Monthly information on aquatic animal diseases could be provided
since 2005 compared to annual information without geographical
location that were given for former List B diseases, in which all aquatic
animal diseases were included;
• There is an increase in the worldwide coverage of animal health
situation on aquatic animal diseases/health, as shown by the number of
immediate notifications and annual animal health reports on OIE-listed
aquatic animal diseases;
• The establishment of OIE/NACA WAHIS Regional Core will avoid
duplication of data processing by participating Members, and improve
the quality of animal health information provided by Members of this
region, which will benefit to increase the worldwide coverage of animal
health information on aquatic animal diseases of WAHID.
Thank you!
Have you subscribed to the OIE-Info distribution list?
If not, you can do it from the OIE website:
http://www.oie.int/
You can choose to receive alert messages on aquatic animal
diseases only