Transcript KOZUP - Gwynedd Mercy University

Gwynedd-Mercy College
Bloodborne Pathogen
Safety and Awareness
Training
Bloodborne Pathogen Safety and
Awareness Training
Office of Environmental Safety
Keiss Hall 236
Education is the KEY
Here are Gwynedd-Mercy College, we
recognize the importance of providing a
safe working environment for our main
priority – Our Employees
Education is the KEY to achieving this goal
Bloodborne Pathogen Safety and
Awareness Training
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Why is this training necessary?
■ OSHA requires safety training for all personnel whose
job requirements expose them to bloodborne pathogens.
(Public Safety, Resident Life, Hobbit House, Physical
Plant, Athletics, Health Services, and Natural Sciences)
■ Ensure awareness and education about :
► the hazards of bloodborne pathogens
► protective measures to avoid exposure
Bloodborne Pathogen Safety and
Awareness Training
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OSHA BBP Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030
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a written plan for exposure control
identification of at-risk employees
use of personal protective equipment
initial and annual training
appropriate decontamination procedures
specific disposal methods
biohazard labeling and signage
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Awareness Training
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What is a Bloodborne Pathogen?
■ Microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria
■ Have the potential to cause disease in
humans
■ Transmitted by blood or “other potentially
infectious materials “ (OPIM)
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Other Potentially Infections Materials
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BODY FLUIDS including semen, vaginal
secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid,
pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid and
saliva and urine (that contain blood).
■ ANY UNFIXED TISSUE OR ORGAN (other
than intact skin) from a human (living or dead)
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SPECIFIC VIRAL INFECTED (HIV, HBV,
HCV) cell, tissue or organ cultures and the
associated culture medium
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Common Bloodborne Pathogen Diseases
Hepatitis B
(HBV)
Hepatitis C
(HCV)
Human
Immunodeficiency
(HIV)
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General Information about Hepatitis
■
Hepatitis means “inflammation of the liver”
(cirrhosis and liver cancer may result)
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Caused by viruses that infect the liver
(six main types: A, B, C, D, E & G)
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Hepatitis B (HBV) Facts and Figures
■ According to the CDC:
►About 73,000 people are infected annually
► Thousands include occupational exposures
(mostly from needlesticks) - 200 DEATHS
► In the U.S. there are an estimated 1.25 million
chronically infected individuals, of which
15-25% die from the disease
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Hepatitis B (HBV) Transmission
■ Transmitted primarily through “blood to blood”
contact
■ HBV can survive for at least one week in dried
blood
■ Primary concern to employees such as
laundry
personnel, housekeepers, custodians or other
employees who come into contact with blood.
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Hepatitis B (HBV) Symptoms
■ Onset of symptoms may take one to nine months
■ Initially similar to those of a mild flu: fatigue,
stomach pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting
■ With progression: jaundice and dark urine
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Hepatitis B Vaccination
■ Provided to all “at risk” employees at no cost
■ Safe and effective
■ Series of three inoculations over 6 months
■ Optional, but signing a declination form required
if you choose not to be vaccinated.
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Hepatitis C (HCV) Facts and Figures
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Viral infection that causes liver disease
(cirrhosis and liver cancer may result)
Most common chronic bloodborne infection in
the United States
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About 3.9 million people infected in the U.S.,
2.9 million are chronically infected
■ Chronic infection with HCV is the most common
cause of liver transplants
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Hepatitis C (HCV) Transmission
■ Transmitted primarily through “blood to blood”
contact
■ HCV can survive for at least one week on
environmental surfaces
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Currently no vaccine for the
prevention of Hepatitis C
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Hepatitis C (HCV) Symptoms
■ Similar to those of HBV
■ Include flu-like symptoms, loss of appetite,
fatigue, abdominal pain and jaundice
■ 80% of infected persons are asymptomatic for
decades
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HIV Facts and Figures
■ Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
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HIV weakens the immune system rendering
patients vulnerable to potentially deadly diseases
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HIV Facts and Figures
■ CDC reported in 2003 an estimated one million
persons in U.S. infected with HIV virus.
■ About 35,000 to 45,000 persons become infected
annually in U.S.
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There is currently no vaccine or
cure for AIDS.
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HIV Transmission
■ The HIV virus is very fragile
■ Primary concern where there is contact with
fresh blood or body fluids
■ Employees providing first aid are in a higher
risk group.
■ The risk of becoming infected from a
workplace exposure is very low - only about
0.4%.
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HIV Symptoms
■ Initial symptoms are flu-like:
fever, weakness,
sore throat, nausea, headache and diarrhea.
■ Long term symptoms:
swollen lymph glands,
weakened immune system and susceptibility to
infections.
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How Could Infected Fluid Enter My Body?
**Anytime there is blood-to blood contact
with infected blood or body fluids, there is
a slight potential for transmission of a
bloodborne disease.**
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In Laboratory Settings
Transmission is most likely to occur by:
(1) Accidental puncture from contaminated
needles, broken glass or other sharps
(2) Contact between broken skin and infected
body fluids
(3) Contact between mucous membranes and
infected body fluids
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Pathways to Infection
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Unbroken skin forms an impervious barrier
against BBPs.
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BBPs can enter your body through any break in
the skin; open sores, cuts, abrasions, acne,
sunburn or blisters.
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BBPs can also enter through the mucous
membranes of the eyes, nose and mouth.
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Types of Potentially Infectious Situations
■ Providing First Aid to a
student in the classroom
■ Janitorial or maintenance
work
■ Handling of
infected waste
products or laboratory
materials
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Universal Precautions
■ Describes a prevention strategy to treat all
blood and bodily fluids as if they are infectious
■ Applies to all contexts where the possibility of
exposure exists
■ Proper engineering controls, work practices
and Personal Protective Equipment must
always be used!
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
■ Always wear PPE when there is the
potential for exposure!
■ Single most effective precaution!
■ Protection of eyes (goggles, face
shield) and body (lab coat/apron,
gloves)
CREATE A BARRIER!
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PPE Rules to Remember
■ Remove and replace PPE that is torn,
punctured or otherwise compromised.
■ Remove PPE before leaving the work area.
■ Dispose of PPE in a proper bio-hazardous
waste receptacle.
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Work Practices and Engineering Controls
■ Hand Washing
→ One of the simplest and most effective
practices to prevent transmission of BBPs!
→ Should be done:
● Immediately after any exposure!
● After removing gloves
● Before leaving the work area
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Other Personal Precautions
■ Strictly avoid these activities in the laboratory:
► eating
► drinking
► smoking
► applying cosmetics
► handling contact lenses
■ Do not store food or drink in refrigerators,
freezers, counter tops or cabinets where blood or
OPIM are present.
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Other Personal Precautions
■ Post freezers and refrigerators used for storage of
infectious materials with “Biohazard” labels.
■ Minimize splashing, spraying, splattering, or
generation of droplets during experimental work.
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Other Work Safety Practices
■ Contaminated Needles and Sharps
→ Needle sticks are the most common way
for infections with BBPs to occur on the job!
→ Use special caution when handling
all sharps, including needles and syringes,
scalpels, pipettes and any glass implements.
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Other Work Safety Practices
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To prevent injury with needles and other
sharps:
→ never bend, clip, break or recap needles
→ avoid leaving needles unattended
→ pick up broken glassware using mechanical
means (forceps, tongs, dustpan and broom)
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Other Work Safety Practices
■ Disposal of Needles and Other Sharps
→ Use a designated Sharps container only
→ Containers must be:
► closeable
► puncture resistant
► leak-proof
► not overfilled
► labeled with biohazard symbol
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Cleanup and Decontamination of Blood
and OPIM
■ Wear appropriate PPE! At a minimum this must
include gloves and eye protection.
■ Cover the spill with paper towels.
■ Gently spray or pour disinfectant solution onto
the towels from the outside in.
10% bleach
Bloodborne Pathogen Safety and
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Cleanup and Decontamination
of Blood and OPIM
■ Allow disinfectant to remain in place for 20
minutes
■ Dispose of soaked towels in orange biohazard bag
■ Reapply disinfectant to spill area, let sit 20
minutes, and wipe with clean paper towels
■ Discard and/or disinfect any other materials
contaminated in the cleanup
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Disposal of Contaminated Materials
■ All regulated waste must be disposed in properly
labeled containers or red biohazard bags
■ Labels must display the universal biohazard
symbol.
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Disposal of Contaminated Materials
■ Regulated waste includes:
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any blood or OPIM
items caked with blood or OPIM
contaminated sharps
contaminated items that could release
blood or OPIM
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Awareness Training
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Disposal of Contaminated Materials
■ Filled Sharps containers must also be disposed of
in medical waste boxes.
■ The Central Storage Area (CSA) for Biohazard
Waste is in Keiss Hall 216.
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Awareness Training
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Exposure Incident
■ Wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and
water. Use non-abrasive antibacterial soap if
possible.
■ If blood is splashed in the eye or any mucous
membrane, flush the affected area with running
water for at least 15 minutes.
■ Report all accidents involving blood or bodily
fluids immediately to your supervisor and to the
Environmental Safety Officer (ESO)
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Post-exposure Evaluation
■ Document the route of exposure and the
circumstances of the exposure incident
■ Identify and document the source individual if
possible
■ Test the source individual’s blood for HBV,
HCV and HIV as soon as consent is obtained
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Post-exposure Evaluation
■ Collect the injured person’s blood (with
consent) as soon as possible and test it.
■ Administer post exposure prophylaxes,
when medically indicated, as recommended
by the US Public Health Service
■ Provide counseling
■ Evaluate reported illnesses
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Recordkeeping
■ Medical records include:
► Hepatitis B vaccination status
► Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up results
■ Training records include:
► Training dates
► Contents of the training
► Signature of trainer and trainee
■ Reports remain in your file for the
length of employment plus 30 years
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Office of Environmental Safety
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In Summary
√ BBPs are microorganisms present in
blood or OPIMs that can cause diseases,
including AIDS and Hepatitis.
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In Summary
√ To protect yourself from exposure to
these disease agents:
► obtain the free Hepatitis B
vaccination series from your employer
► follow Universal Precautions
► treat all human blood, tissue and
body fluids as infected
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In Summary
√ If you experience a needle stick, sharps injury
or any other exposure to blood or OPIM:
► immediately stop what you are doing
► wash contaminated skin with soap and
water
► flush contaminated eyes for 15 minutes
► report exposure to your supervisor
► seek medical treatment and follow-up
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Awareness Training
Office of Environmental Safety
Keiss Hall 236
Education is the KEY
For questions, concerns, or PPE
requests, please contact the
Environmental Safety Officer
Gwynedd-Mercy College
Office of Environmental Safety
Keiss Hall 236, x489
Bloodborne Pathogen Safety and
Awareness Training
Office of Environmental Safety
Keiss Hall 236