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Looking After Biosecurity in Shelters and else where Michael Pritchard MBT delivering value on-farm together Animals that end up in shelters • • • • Animals may be sick Poor physical health Unvaccinated May be infectious with viral , bacterial , fungal or parasitic diseases • May be physically damaged delivering value on-farm together We can all agree • • • • Strange smells Strange noises Strange territory Strange animals and people ALL LEAD TO... delivering value on-farm together When animals are stressed they – Defecate more – Urinate – Pant and salivate – Immune systems are compromised – Very susceptible to disease either a virus they may already be carrying or something from the environment they are in delivering value on-farm together So how do the do you prevent that disease spreading ? • Well of course using your veterinarian to ensure the right medications and vaccine programme is in place is a good place to start • So how do shelters like the RSPCA prevent a disease catastrophe with all the animals and people in the one place ? delivering value on-farm together The original definition of biosecurity started out as a set of preventive measures designed to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious diseases in crops and livestock, quarantined pests, invasive alien species, and living modified organisms (Koblentz, 2010). 3 Principles in Biosecurity 1. Segregation The creation and maintenance of barriers to limit the potential opportunities for infected animals and contaminated materials to enter an uninfected site. This step, properly applied, will prevent most infection. 2. Cleaning Materials (e.g. kennels , pens, cages ,equipment) that have to enter (or leave) a site must be thoroughly cleaned to remove visible dirt. This will remove most of the disease organisms that are contaminating the materials. 3. Disinfection Properly applied, disinfection will inactivate any disease that is present on materials that have already been thoroughly cleaned. Choosing a disinfectant Safety with animals , people and environment , efficacy , ease of use , price , storage conditions etc. Choosing a disinfectant delivering value on-farm together Which diseases? • • • • • • • • Canine Parvovirus , Canine Adenovirus Feline leukaemia virus , Feline poxvirus Bordetella bronchiseptica & parainfluenza virus Chlamydia Salmonellae Campylobacter E. Coli Staphylococcus ( MRSA ) Which diseases? • Some of the diseases that can infect animals can infect humans too ! • Salmonellae • Campylobacter • E. Coli • Staphylococcus 14 Most Difficult BSE Prions Protozoan oöcysts Cryptosporidium parvum Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium sporogenes Bacterial spores Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacteria Giardia Protozoan cysts Small nonenveloped viruses Fungi (fungal spores) Gram-negative bacteria Large, nonenveloped viruses Gram-positive bacteria Lipid enveloped viruses Least Difficult PCV2, FMDV, Calf Rotavirus (Russian Test) Geotichosis, pulmanary emphysema Pseudomonas aeruginosa( acquired resistance), Salmonella infantis, Campylobacter, Ecoli Brucella abortus, Opthalmia, Enteroviruses Staphylococcus aureus- coliform mastitis, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria H5N1, H1N1, Bovine Virus Diarrhea (BVD) DISCOVER which pathogens are Descending Order of Difficulty to challenging your animal shelter Kill or Destroy 7/16/2015 DUPONT CONFIDENTIAL Washing and Disinfecting • Choose a quality detergent and where possible use warm or hot water • Wear clean garments and regularly wash your hands Be systematic! • Remove all the equipment , bedding , toys. • Start high on walls , ceilings and work downwards. • Start at the back of the kennel and work your way back to the door/gate. • Do not walk over washed surfaces Washing and Disinfecting • Wash toys , feeding and drinking bowls • You should wash or replace the bedding . • Take a step back and think of anything else that may have been in the kennel , a leash , collar , basket . In the home ? The same principles apply disease risk does not stop at your door step Disinfecting • Always read the label • Adopt appropriate safety gear , protective eyewear , plastic gloves , plastic apron. • Make up your disinfectant in a suitable container i.e. bucket , spray pack , bowl , tank. • Add water first , then the disinfectant . • Apply at the label rate.( spray , mop , soak ,dip , foam , pressure-wash ) • BE SYSTEMATIC start high- work your way back to the door / gate. To summarise the common problems •Recontamination post disinfection •Pressures too high. ( aerial sprays ) •Missing areas ( foams ) •Design problems ( the unseen ) •Unplanned visitors •Rodents ( Rodent program ) •Insects ( Insect program ) The experts ... what do they choose ? THANK YOU! [email protected] delivering value on-farm together