Transcript Bloodborne Pathogens 2013 - Montgomery County Schools

What you need to know to stay safe!
~Shanda Brewer, RN
Whether in the classroom, on a playing field or
on a school bus, all school employees must
know the potential danger of Bloodborne
Pathogens.
• Do not touch potentially infectious
body fluids
• How to report an accident
• Who should clean up the blood, etc.
Occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens,
such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV)
And human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), does occur.
Blood is the number one source of these viruses in
the workplace.
Your risk of contracting one of these viruses at
school is low because your contact with blood is
infrequent.
But when the need arises you must be prepared to deal
with blood safety.
The most common
source of workplace
pathogen (Hepatitis B,
Hepatitis C & HIV)
exposure is:
BLOOD
 The Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (29 CFR
1910.1030) and the Bloodborne Pathogens
Compliance Directive (CPL2-2.44D) require
employers to identify the jobs, tasks, and
activities that could expose employees to
potentially infectious body fluids.
High Risk for Exposure
This category indicates
That it is probable that the
staff members will come
Into contact with some
form of body fluids, at
some time while performing
their job task.
Minimal Risk for Exposure
This category indicates that
there is only a remote chance
that staff members will come
into contact with some form
of body fluids while
performing their job task.
Blood-borne pathogens are microorganisms carried by
human blood and other body fluids.
The three most common are:
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Unfortunately, children are as prone to blood-borne
diseases as adults. That means you are as much in
danger of infection from the children you work with as
any other group in society.
Hepatitis means “inflammation of the liver”. HBV poses a
Greater risk to you at school than either the hepatitis
C virus (HCV) or HIV, since it is more easily
transmitted.
HBV can survive for at least 1 week in dried blood on
environmental surfaces such as a desks, worktable, knife,
tools, broken glass, metal, etc…
Environmental contamination is an effective
method of disease transmission for HBV.
This is the primary reason for the importance
Of properly cleaning and disinfecting any
blood-contaminated work surfaces, tools, etc.
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
can survive for up to
____________ in dried
blood on hard surfaces.
One Week
This is why cleaning on a regular
basis is VITAL!
 An HBV vaccination has
been available since
1982. The vaccine
prevents hepatitis B
disease and its serious
consequences.
 The vaccine has been
shown to be very safe
when given to infants,
children, and adults.
1.
If your job description falls in the high
exposure risk category, and you have not
previously received the series.
2.
If you have a documented/reported
exposure incident, and have not previously
received the series.
Request/Consent
This indicates that you
Wish to receive the
series due to your job
description falling into
the high risk category.
Decline/Refuse
This indicates that you have
previously received the series;
your job description falls into
the minimal risk category; you
have a medical condition that
contraindicates the series; or
that you simply do not wish to
receive the series at that time.
 There is no vaccine for
Hepatitis C Virus at
this time.
 70 percent of infected
persons will suffer from
chronic liver disease.
Hepatitis C is the leading
indication for liver
transplantation.
 HIV is the virus that
leads to Acquired
Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS). A
person can carry HIV
for many years and
not have any
symptoms until it
becomes AIDS.
 AIDS attacks the
person’s immune
system, which makes
it difficult for the body
to fight off common
diseases.
 HIV does not survive well outside the body. When HIV-
infected human blood or other body fluid is dried, the risk
of environmental transmission is essentially reduced to
zero because the virus does not survive.
 HIV is found in very low quantities in saliva and tears
from some AIDS patients.
 HIV has not been found in the sweat of HIV-infected
persons. Contact with saliva, tears, or sweat has never
been shown to result in the transmission of HIV
Exposure to blood-borne pathogens or potentially
infectious body fluids in a school environment is
Very limited.
In general, the only time that any employee is
exposed is when a student or co-worker suffers an
injury that bleeds, or illness causing exposure to
bodily fluids with visible blood.
Employees working with special needs & medically
Fragile students should take extra caution. These
students may be more:
 Vulnerable to injury
 Likely to have special medical needs
 Dependant on adults for personal care
In general school employees have
limited exposure to body fluids and
potential blood-borne pathogens.
The exception to this is _________
Working with Children
having severe disability
and/or special medical
needs

At the time of an injury if blood/body fluids
splashes onto you,

when administering first-aid treatments, such
as applying pressure to a wound, wrapping
an injury, providing CPR, etc.

If a work surface, such as a table, tool, or
machine control panel, is not
cleaned/decontaminated immediately after an
incident.

If your job description/task includes clean up
after illness or injury.
By cutting yourself with a contaminated sharp
object like:





Broken Glass
Sharp Metal
Needles
Knives
Exposed end of orthodontic wires
You CANNOT become infected with these viruses
Through casual contact, coughing, sneezing, a
kiss on the cheek, a hug or from drinking fountains
or food.
Common NON-SCHOOL RELATED transmission occurs with sexual
contact and shard needles for drug use.
Non-intact skin—The infected blood must
make physical contact with skin that is
damaged or not completely intact.
Blood-borne pathogens could enter your
bloodstream through a cut in the skin, abrasions
or scratches on the skin, dermatitis or other skin
rashes, and even hangnails.
COVER CUTS AND OPEN SKIN WITH A
BANDAGE WHEN AT WORK!
 Mucous membranes—The
infected blood could enter your
body’s bloodstream through a
mucous membrane.
 Infected blood that is splashed into
your eyes, mouth, or nose could
result in a transmission of bloodborne pathogens.
Body fluids that contain potentially infected blood
could result in the transmission of a blood-borne
pathogen.
Potentially infectious body fluids include blood and other
bodily fluids that can contain blood, such as:
 Saliva
 Vomit
 Urine
Other body fluids that could contain blood, but are not likely to be encountered in a school work
environment, include semen, vaginal secretions, cell cultures, etc.
Anticipating Potential Contact
 The most important step in preventing exposure to
and transmission of infections is the anticipation of
potential contact with infectious materials in routine
and emergency situations.
 Universal precautions and infection control techniques
should be used in all situations that present the hazard of
infection.
 Diligent and proper hand washing, the use of barriers
(e.g., latex or vinyl gloves), appropriate disposal of waste
products and needles, and proper care of spills are
essential techniques of infection control.
 When using universal precautions to prevent the spread
of infection, all blood and body fluids are treated as if
they contain blood borne pathogens, such as human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus
(HBV).
The most important
step in preventing
exposure is?
Anticipate contact
with potential
infectious materials
All blood & body
fluids should be treated
like they…_________.
Contain bloodborne pathogens.
The concept of universal precautions includes avoiding
contact with all potentially contaminated blood or body
fluids.
Use protective barriers, including PPE, to avoid contact
with blood and body fluids.
Gloves
 Staff members must wear gloves when
applying bandages or putting pressure on
wounds. Should be worn for all scenarios
involving blood or body fluids.
 Cleanup personnel must wear gloves when
cleaning up and decontaminating blood or
body fluids.
Impromptu Barriers: For many accidents in a school
environment, the staff responders do not feel that they have
time to get and then put on protective barriers such as
gloves or aprons
Impromptu barriers in your workplace might include
a piece of plastic, a clean plastic garbage bag, paper,
your shirt, etc.
The idea is to use something as a barrier between your
skin and the victim’s blood or body fluid.
True or False:
You can use a clean plastic bag as a
blood/body fluid barrier if gloves or
other PPE is not available.
True
Diligent and proper hand washing is a
key component of infection control.
Hands should be washed:
1. Immediately before and after physical
contact with a student (e.g., providing first
aid, diaper changes, assistance with toileting,
or assistance with Feeding)
2. Immediately after contact with blood or
body fluids or garments or objects soiled
with body fluids or blood
3. After contact with used equipment (e.g.,
stethoscope, emesis basin, and gloves)
4. After removing PPE such as gloves or
clothing.
Good hand washing keeps you from transferring
Contamination from your hands to other parts of
your body or to other surfaces you may come in
contact with later.
You should wash your hands with nonabrasive soap and running water for at least
20 seconds:
When hand washing facilities are not available, such as on the
school bus, your employer will provide an antiseptic hand
Cleanser or antiseptic towelettes. Use these as a temporary
measure only. You must still wash your hands with soap and
running water as soon as you can.
Routine environmental clean up of facilities (e.g., Health
unit, buses and bathrooms) do not require modification
unless contaminated with visible blood or body fluids.
 If the area has been contaminated with visible blood or body fluids, the
area should be decontaminated according to district policies.
 Regular cleaning of non-contaminated surfaces, such as seats and
tabletops, can be done using standard cleaning solutions.
 Regular cleaning of obvious soil is more effective than
extraordinary attempts to disinfect or sterilize surfaces
Brooms and dustpans must
be rinsed in disinfectant.
Mops must be soaked in
disinfectant, washed and
thoroughly rinsed. The
disinfectant solution should be
disposed of promptly down
the drain.
Procedure:
Always wash the contaminated area immediately with
soap and water.
If the mucous membranes (i.e., eye or mouth) are
contaminated by a splash of potentially infectious
material or contamination of broken skin occurs,
irrigate or wash area thoroughly.
For cuts or needle injuries, wash the skin thoroughly
with soap and water.
If broken skin or mucous membranes are
contaminated the staff should:
1. Notify their supervisor immediately.
2. Document the event
3. Follow the procedures in the blood-borne
pathogen exposure control plan for the district.
Pregnant Women
Pregnant women are not at higher
risk for infection than other
caregivers provided that appropriate
precautions are observed.
There is, however, the possibility
of an in-utero transmission of
Viral infections, such as
cytomegalovirus (CMJ), HIV,
Varicella or HBV to unborn
children.
Do check PPE for damage before putting it on.
Do remove PPE carefully to prevent the spread of contamination.
Do place contaminated PPE, towels, etc. in closable, leakproof bags or
containers for disposal or decontamination.
Do wash exposed skin immediately and thoroughly with soap and
water.
Do wash thoroughly with soap and water after removing personal
protective equipment.
Do flush exposed eyes, nose, or mouth quickly and thoroughly with
water.
Do minimize splashing or spattering of potentially Infectious materials.
Do cover open cuts, rashes, and other broken skin.
Do dispose of used needles carefully and immediately in Assigned
Puncture-resistant, leak proof containers identified by the biohazard
symbol. (Nurses)
Do clean and decontaminate pails and other reusable Containers
Regularly—immediately after contact with potentially infectious
materials.
Follow Bloodborne Pathogens Standard precautions to enable you to respond
to a situation without fear of infection.
Report any on-the-job exposure to blood or Other Body fluids promptly and
Get Medical attention.
Don't worry that casual contact with an infected person will transmit a
blood-borne disease.
Don't let fear of exposure to blood-borne pathogens keep you from
Helping an injured person.
Don't mix contaminated clothing or linens with other laundry.
Don't eat, drink, smoke, apply makeup or lip balm, or handle contact
lenses in areas with exposure potential.
Don't touch any contaminated surfaces, clothing, or equipment without
appropriate PPE.
Don't touch needles or other sharps that may be contaminated by
blood.
Don't bend, recap or remove sharps unless specifically instructed to do
so. (Nurses)
Don't EVER reach by hand into a container holding sharps.
Don't clean up broken glass by hand; use tongs, a brush and pan,
etc. FOLLOW CLEAN-UP PROCEDURES AS INSTRUCTED BY
YOUR SUPERVISOR. (Custodial/Maintenance Staff)
Don't practice unsafe sex, inject illicit drugs or share needles.
Always have gloves readily available.
Remember:
If it’s wet, and it’s not yours,
don’t touch it without gloves!
Report any exposure incidents to your supervisor
immediately.
Forms required to properly report an exposure
incident, make arrangements for physician
assessment and treatment, and receive hepatitis b
vaccination (if needed) are in the BBP Exposure
Control Plan.
The Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure Control Plan is
readily available on the district website.