Transcript Parasite and Diseases

Parasite and Diseases
Small Animal CDE
Canine Distemper
• Canine distemper is a contagious, incurable,
often fatal, multisystemic viral disease that
affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and
central nervous systems. Distemper is caused
by the canine distemper virus (CDV).
• Early symptoms include fever, loss of appetite,
and mild eye inflammation that may only last a
day or two. Symptoms become more serious
and noticeable as the disease progresses.
• Widespread vaccination programs have
dramatically reduced its incidence.
Canine Distemper
Canine Hepatitis
• Infectious canine hepatitis (ICH) is a highly contagious
viral disease affecting the liver and other organs, and is
caused by Canine Adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1). It is
spread only among domestic dogs and wild dogs such
as wolves, coyotes, and foxes and is not related to
human hepatitis. Symptoms range widely, from mild to
severe, and include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite,
jaundice, light-colored stool, and stomach enlargement.
• Vaccination against CAV-1 results in protection in 95% of
puppies twelve weeks old and older. Two injections are
recommended, the first by ten weeks of age and the
second by fourteen weeks of age, with boosters either
every year or every three years. Veterinarians vary in
their opinions of how often boosters should be given.
Canine Hepatitis
Coccidia
Feline Aids
ELISA Test used to test for feline aids.
Also confirmed using Western Blot Test.
Symptoms include infections from
common scratches, respiratory problems
and wasting.
Symptoms of Feline Leukemia
• Loss of appetite
• Slow but progressive weight loss, followed by severe wasting late in
the disease process
• Poor coat condition
• Enlarged lymph nodes
• Persistent fever
• Pale gums and other mucus membranes
• Inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and mouth (stomatitis)
• Infections of the skin, urinary bladder, and upper respiratory tract
• Persistent diarrhea
• Seizures, behavior changes, and other neurological disorders
• A variety of eye conditions
• In unspayed female cats, abortion of kittens or other reproductive
failures
Feline Leukemia
Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)
• Affected cats often assume a typical "hunched" posture
with the head between the forepaws. Sometimes the
head will hang over a water bowl or food dish. They
often act as though they would like to drink and may
even take a lap or two of milk or water, but they are
unable or reluctant to swallow. The hair coat becomes
rough and dull and there is a loss of elasticity of the skin
due to the dehydration. The third eyelid (the haw in the
corner of the eye toward the nose) often appears. The
abdomen is painful, and touching it will elicit a pain
response. The lymph nodes in the abdomen are
enlarged, and the digestive tract contains excessive
amounts of gas and liquid. Cats that are not going to
survive develop a subnormal temperature, with coma
and death following in a few hours.
Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)
• The mortality rate in an outbreak of panleukopenia may vary from 25
to 75 percent. Acute deaths may occur, with kittens showing no
warning signs, often causing the owner to suspect poisoning. More
commonly, deaths occur within the first five days of illness in
uncomplicated cases, or later in cases subsequently complicated by
other problems. if a cat survives the first five days of illness, and
secondary complications such as bacterial infections or dehydration
do not develop, then recovery should follow fairly rapidly. it usually
requires several weeks, however, for the animal to regain its lost
weight and condition.
• A presumptive diagnosis of feline panleukopenia can be made by the
veterinarian on the basis of the history, the clinical signs, and the
presence of leukopenia.
• There are several excellent vaccines available to immunize cats
against panleukopenia. These vaccines are highly effective and
produce long-lasting immunity. Because panleukopenia is an entirely
preventable disease, one cannot overemphasize the importance of
proper immunization.
Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)
Fleas
Gingivitis
Heartworms
Hookworms
Kennel Cough
• Kennel cough is most commonly associated with a bacterial
infection caused by the organism Bordetella bronchiseptica.
While it is hard to be certain in veterinary medicine when
discussing statistics, it is estimated that 80 to 90% of the cases
of kennel cough are due to this organism. The other 10 to 20%
of cases are caused by a variety of other infectious agents,
most of them viral. Kennel cough has been associated with
parainfluenza virus, adenovirus and canine distemper virus as
well as the Bordetella bacteria.
• The infection tends to be mild except for a very harsh cough
that often prompts owners to think that their dog "has
something caught in his throat".
• In some dogs it can lead to pneumonia or more serious signs.
Kennel Cough
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis is a disease is caused by
spiral shaped bacteria called leptospires.
Lice
Lyme Disease
Deer Tick
Borrelia burgdorferi
Malocclusion
Mites/Mange
Mites/Ear
Parvovirus
Pin Worms
Rabies