Transcript Radiological Technology

Outline of Radiological
Technology
Diagnostic Radiography
Therapeutic Radiography
V.G.Wimalaena
Principal School of Radiography
Radiological Technology
• Radiological technology is a
branch of Healthcare
• It is the science (& art) that
deals with diagnosis of diseases
(by imaging) and treatment of
some diseases using ionizing
radiation
Diagnostic Imaging
modalities (branches)
1. Using ionizing radiation
• Radiography – Producing images
using X-rays
• Plain radiography –
• Static images (chest, skull, abdomen..)
• Contrast Radiography
• Static images (e.g. IVU….)
• Dynamic images (Fluoroscopy) – (e.g.
Barium studies, Coronary Angiography)
Diagnostic Imaging ….
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Mammography
Tomography (conventional)
Computerized Tomography (CT)
Computed Radiography (CR)
Digital Radiography (DR)
Digital Fluoroscopy
Digital Subraction Angiography
Nuclear Imaging (Radio-Isotope
imaging)
• Bone scan, renal studies, thyroid
scans..SPECT, PET
Diagnostic Imaging ….
2. Other modalities (that does not
involve ionizing radiation)
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI)
• Ultra Sound scanning (US)
Therapeutic Radiography
• Treatment of Cancers using
Ionizing radiation
• Brachytherapy
• Teletherapy
Brachytherapy
• The radiation source is kept as close
as possible to the site of the tumour
(usualy within the body)
• To minimize the effect on the normal
structures
• To maximize the effectiveness of the
treatment
• Using beta rays, gamma rays
• Positron therapy
Teletherapy
• The radiation source is out side
the body and at a distance from
the tumour
• Cobolt 60 sources
• High energy x-rays
• Linear accelerators
Who are we?
• Radiological
technologists/Radiographers
• Are members of a team of healthcare professionals who work in
consort to maximize patient
wellness
• Are Governed by a code of ethics
and principles of professional
conduct
Our Duties
General radiography
Plain radiography
IVU
Barium studies
Mammography
CT Scanning
CT images
Digital subtraction
angiography (DSA)
Coronary Angiography
Nuclear Medicine
(Nuclear imaging) Bone
scans
Nuclear medicine
SPECT scanning
MRI Scanning
MRI images
Lithotripsy
Radiotherapy - Teletherapy
Masking
Planning & Simulation
Brachytherapy
Linear Accelerator
Advancement in the field
• PET-CT – hybrid images of PET & CT
to locate the tumours for treatment
• SPECT-CT
Specific Risks involved
• Mechanical injury
• Electrical injury
• Radiation injury
Radiation hazards
• Somatic effects
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Cancer
Cataract
Leucaemia
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Fetal Deformities
Infertility
Abortion
Still births
• Genetic effects
Radiation protection
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Patient
Public – dose limits
Staff Self –
• Occupatienal dose limit (IAEA)
• Monitoring
• Devices
• Procedure
Competencies Required
• Patient care
• Anatomy & Physiology (Structure
and function of the body)
• Pathology (Identifying diseases)
• Equipment (Physics, operation &
maintenance
• Imaging techniques
• Radio-Therapy techniques
• Radiation protection
• Quality control
Patient care
• Both fields (diagnostic &
Therapy) deal with different
catogories of patients
• Should demonstrate knowledge
& skills in
• Patient psychology
• Effective communication
• Patient care techniques
Training
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Two years (Full time)
School Started in 1957
Still the same duration
No post basic training /
continuing education avenues
• No avenues for upgrading
professional level
Achievements
• Starting BSc. Radiogaphy
course at University of
Peradeniya in 2006
Challenges
• To overcome the Objections for
the Degree programme by some
elements of the health sector..
• To stop emplyment of
unqualified personnel as
radiographers in private sector
Deficiencies in present
training & suggestions
• Facilities incompatible with the
number of trainees.
• Inadiquate duration
• No procedure for Recruitment of
tutors
• CT, MRI, NM are not included
• Extention of training period – 3 years
• Implementation of a Proper
recruitment procedure
Future plans to upgrade
the radiological
technology in Sri lanka
• Implementation of in-service
training programme
• Convert the school to university
college?
• External degree/lateral entry to
Bsc cources ?
• Service minute - implement /
ammendment?
Thank you!