Transcript The Circulatory System

The Circulatory System
#1
Purpose of the Circulatory System
• Transports O2, nutrients, vitamins, CO2,
hormones and waste products
• On average a human has 4 – 6 liters of blood
in their body
• The average weight of a heart is 10 ounces
#2
3 Circulatory Systems
• Coronary circulation:
– The movement of blood through the heart .
Provides nutrients and takes away wastes from
the heart muscle tissue.
#2
3 Circulatory Systems
• Pulmonary
circulation:
The movement of
blood through the
heart to the lungs and
back.
#2
3 Circulatory Systems
• Systemic circulation:
Supplies nourishment to all of the tissue located
throughout your body, with the exception of the heart
and lungs
#3
Blood Centrifuge
#3
Components of Blood
• PLASMA:
- Pale – yellow liquid
- Mostly made of water
- Carries nutrients and waste products to
different parts of the body
#3
Components of Blood
• Red Blood Cells (RBC)
- Carries oxygen
- Contains hemoglobin
- Makes up 1/3rd of all cells in the human
body
- Does not have a nucleus
- 120 day lifespan
#3
Components of Blood
• White Blood Cells (WBC)
- Has a nucleus, no hemoglobin
- Uses bloodstream for transportation to
sites of injury
- Engulfs pathogens, cell debris
#3
• Platelets
Components of Blood
Helps blood-clotting at sites of injury by clumping
together
#4
VESSELS
• ARTERY
- Carries blood away from the heart
- Thickest walls
- Pulmonary arteries: carries deoxygenated blood from
the heart to the lungs
- Aorta: sends oxygenated blood to the systemic
circulatory system (body)
#4
VESSELS
• CAPILLARY
- Location where gas and nutrient exchange occurs
- Thinnest walls
• In the lungs, carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen
• In the tissues, oxygen and carbon dioxide and nutrients
and wastes are exchanged
• In the kidneys, wastes are released to be eliminated
from the body
• In the intestine, nutrients are picked up, and wastes
released
#4
VESSELS
• VEIN
Carries blood to the heart
& has one-way valves
- Pulmonary vein: carries
oxygenated blood from the
lungs to the heart
- Jugular vein : brings
deoxygenated blood from the
head to the heart (found along
side of neck)
#5
Cholesterol
• Cholesterol is a lipid found in the bloodstream and your body's
cells.
• LDL “BAD” : joins with fats and other substances to build up in the
inner walls of your arteries  PLAQUE
• HDL “GOOD”: carries harmful cholesterol away
#6
Blood Typing
#7
• Rh factor
•
•
•
•
Rh Factor
Type of protein on the surface of red blood cells.
Most people who have the Rh factor are Rh+
Those who do not have the Rh factor are RhRh+ is a dominant trait
• Erythroblastosis fetalis
a potentially life-threatening blood disorder in a
fetus or newborn infant
Rh Factor & Erythroblastosis Fetalis
#8
Anatomy of the Heart
Aorta
Pulmonary
Artery
Pulmonary
Artery
Superior Vena
Cava
Pulmonary
Vein
Right
Atrium
Pulmonary
Aortic Valve
Valve
Left
Atrium
Mitral Valve
Tricuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Inferior Vena Cava
Left
Ventricle
Pulmonary
Vein
#9
Blood Flow Sequence
1.
Blood that has circulated through the body, which has lost its oxygen and collected carbon
dioxide, enters through the vena cava into the right atrium of the heart.
2.
The right atrium contracts and pumps the blood through the tricuspid valve and into the
right ventricle.
3.
The right ventricle then pumps blood through the pulmonary artery into the lungs.
4.
In the lungs, tiny blood vessels called capillaries absorb carbon dioxide from the blood and
replace it with oxygen.
5.
Oxygenated blood then flows through the pulmonary vein and into the left atrium.
6.
Oxygenated blood then pumps through the mitral valve and into the left ventricle.
7.
The left side of the heart contracts to send blood out the left ventricle and through the
aortic arch on its way to all parts of the body.
8.
Blood will move through the arteries, then through capillaries, and then return through the
veins.
9.
Deoxygenated blood will then return to the heart through the vena cava.
10. The cycle repeats.
#9
Blood Flow Sequence