Transcript cardiovascular powerpoint - Pregitzersninjascienceclasses

Kickin’ Cardiovascular
System
The Happy Heart
Size of your fist
Less than 1 pound
Covered by pericardium
Coronary arteries (blood vessels) – give heart
blood
 4 chambers




– 2 atria (atrium) – receive blood, top of heart
– 2 ventricles – discharge blood, bottom of heart
Path of Blood Through the Heart
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Inferior/Superior Vena Cava (bring blood
from body to heart)
Right Atrium
Tricuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Pulmonary arteries
Lungs – Release CO2 and picks up O2
Path of Blood Through the Heart
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Pulmonary Veins
Left Atrium
Bicuspid Valve
Left Ventricle (biggest part)
Aortic Semilunar Valve
Aorta
Arteries
Capillaries (release O2 to cells, pick up CO2)
Veins – Back to Heart
AGAIN
IV. Hip, Hip Hooray – Heart
Physiology
Atria collect blood
 Ventricles Discharge
blood
 Soooo…. Ventricles
are the actual pump.
When they contract,
blood moves.

A. Double Pump System

Right Side
Pulmonary Circuit
Receives oxygen
poor blood from
body
Pumps to Lungs to
pick up Oxygen
and release carbon
dioxide
A. Double Pump System

Left Side
Systemic Circuit
Receives Oxygen
rich blood from
lungs
Pumps blood to
body cells to supply
them with oxygen
and pick up carbon
dioxide
B. Valves


1. Prevent Backwash
2. Heartbeat
B. Valves (cont)


“lub”-AV valve closing; longer and louder
sound
“dup”-Semilunars closing; shorter and
sharper
Cardiac Cycle

Diastole
 Complete relaxation
 AV valves (bi and
tricuspid) open
 Semilunar valves
closed
 Atria empty blood into
ventricles
 Pressure in heart is
low
Cardiac Cycle

Systole
 Ventricles contract
Bi/Tricuspid close,
 Semilunar valves open
 Blood rushes out of
heart
 Pressure in heart is
high
 Atria are filling
Arteries



Take blood away from the heart
No Valves
High Pressure
C. Veins



Take blood toward the heart
Valves to prevent backflow because...
Low pressure, Thin Walls, Far from the
heart and change in pressure
D. Capillaries




Connect arteries to veins
Very thin...Just tunica intima
Transparent, one-cell layer thick
GAS EXCHANGE TAKES PLACE HERE
Flow of blood through vessels
 Aorta
 Capillary
 Vein
 Heart
E. Blood Vessel Physiology



Arterial Pulse
Pressure wave created by the expansion
and recoil of an artery that occurs with
each beat of the left ventricle.
Average is 70-76 beats per minute
Pulse points are listed in book. Take a
look and try to find them on your body.
2. Blood Pressure
Pressure the blood exerts against the
inner walls of blood vessels.
 Force that keeps blood circulating
between beats
 Pressure in arteries near the heart
 Systolic: Pressure in arteries at peak of
ventricular contraction
 Diastolic: Pressure when ventricles are
relaxing

Procedure for taking blood pressure
1.
2.
3.
4.
Pump up to about 150 (exceed systolic).
Stops blood flow.
Reduce pressure in cuff while listening
carefully.
When first soft tapping sounds are
heard, SYSTOLIC
As pressure is reduced, sounds get
louder. When no sounds, record
DIASTOLIC
3. What messes up blood
pressure?

Friction in Blood Vessel (viscosity,
atherosclerosis)
3. What messes up blood
pressure?

Nervous System (narrows vessels)-fear,
exercise, blood loss
3. What messes up blood
pressure?

Kidneys (alter blood volume)
3. What messes up blood
pressure?

Temperature (cold restricts vessels, hot
dilates vessels)
3. What messes up blood
pressure?

Chemicals (alcohol & histamines dilate,
nicotine constricts)