Transcript Blood Circulation

Heart
Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Septum
Atrium
Ventricle
Tricuspid Valve
Aortic Valve
Pulmonary Valve
Mitral Valve
Aorta
Pulmonary Artery/Vein
Superior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
Artery
Vein
Circulatory System
Aorta
Pulmonary
artery
Superior Vena
Cava
Left Atrium
Pulmonary Valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
Right Atrium
Tricuspid
Valve
Right Ventricle
Left
Ventricle
Inferior Vena
Cava
Myocardium
Septum
Circulatory System
General Facts:
-passageway for nutrients and waste
from the body’s organs.
-consists of the heart, blood vessels, and
blood.
Circulatory System
Heart:
-pumps blood.
-general facts:
•beats an average of 72 bpm.
•pumps about 5,000 gallons per day.
•about the size of your fist.
•weighs under 1 pound.
Circulatory System
Heart Parts:
-pericardium
•outer layer of the heart tissue.
-myocardium
•middle muscle layer of heart tissue.
-endocardium
•inner layer of heart tissue.
•“Blood-proof”
Circulatory System
-septum
•dividing wall between the left and right
sides of the heart.
-chambers ( 4 )
•Right Atrium:
receives blood from the body.
•Right Ventricle:
receives blood from the right
atrium
Circulatory System
•Left Atrium:
receives blood from the lungs.
•Left Ventricle:
receives blood from the left atrium.
Circulatory System
Heart Valves ( 4 )
-Tricuspid valve:
•between right atrium and right
ventricle.
-Pulmonary Valve:
•between right ventricle and lungs.
-Mitral Valve:
•between left atrium and left ventricle
-Aortic Valve:
•between left ventricle and aorta.
Circulatory System
Blood Pathway
Superior/Inferior
Vena Cava
Body
Aorta
Right Atrium
Aortic Valve
Tricuspid Valve
Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle
Mitral Valve
Pulmonary Valve
Left Atrium
Pulmonary Artery
Lungs
Pulmonary Vein
Blood Circulation
Arteries: carries blood away from the heart
Aorta: largest artery
-takes blood to the body
Pulmonary Artery:
-takes blood to the lungs
Coronary Artery:
-takes blood to the heart
Blood Circulation
Veins: carries blood back to the heart
Superior Vena Cava:
-returns blood to the heart from
the upper body
Inferior Vena Cava:
-returns blood to the heart
from the lower body
Blood Circulation
Veins: (cont’d)
Pulmonary Vein:
-returns blood to the heart
from the lungs
Blood Circulation
Capillaries:
-carries blood from the arteries to
the veins
-smallest of the blood vessels
-transfer of nutrients and waste
Blood Loops
Systemic Circulation:
-takes blood throughout the entire
body
Coronary Circulation
-circulates blood to the myocardium
(the cells of the heart muscle)
Blood Loops
Renal Circulation:
-circulates blood to the kidneys
(liquid waste is filtered)
Portal Circulation:
-circulates blood to the intestines
(nutrients are picked up)
Lymphatic System
Lymph Nodes:
-bundles of lymph tissue that help filter
out infections
Lymph:
1. clear fluid
2. bathes all of the body’s cells
3. helps rid the body of waste/infections
Blood Pressure
What is it?
1. Force of blood against the wall of
an artery.
2. Tool for assessing the health of
the cardiovascular system.
Blood Pressure
Factors affecting blood pressure.
1. Age
2. Heredity
3. Emotions (stress)
4. Food selection
5. Exercise/Fitness levels
6. Weight
Blood Pressure
Systolic Pressure: (top number)
-pressure against an artery wall
when the heart contracts.
Diastolic Pressure: (bottom number)
-pressure against an artery wall
when the heart relaxes.
Normal Range
110/70
-
140/90
Blood Pressure
Instruments that are used:
1. stethoscope
2. sphygmomanometer
3. cuff
Blood Pressure
Reading Blood Pressure
1. Cuff around upper arm.
2. Stethoscope on the pulse in the
elbow.
3. Inflate cuff until blood flow is
stopped. (usually 160-180)
Blood Pressure
4. Pressure in the cuff is gradually
reduced until sounds are heard in
the vessels. (stethoscope)
(systolic pressure reading)
5. Pressure continues to be
released until the sounds stop
(stethoscope)
(diastolic pressure reading)
Heart in Action
S-A Node: (sino-atrial node)
1. Located in the right atrium.
2. Nerve tissue
3. Pacemaker
4. Stimulate the A-V node
Heart in Action
A-V-Node: (Atrioventricular Node)
1. Located between the atria
and ventricles
2. Pumps ventricles
Sound of a beating heart
Lubb-Dubb
Blood Parts
Blood (10-12 pints)
What does it do?
Transportation of nutrients
and waste.
Fighting of infections
Clotting of blood
Temperature regulator
Blood Parts
Blood parts
Red Blood Cells
Made in bone marrow
Shaped like discs
Contain hemoglobin
About 30 trillion (30,000,000,000,000)
Transportation
Blood Parts
Blood parts
White Blood Cells
Made in the bone marrow and
lymph tissue
Shaped like discs with a nucleus
1 white cell for every 600 rbc
Fighting infections
Blood Parts
Blood parts
Platelets
Made in the bone marrow
Shaped like jagged fragments
About 1.5 trillion
Live for about 10 days
Blood clotting
Blood Parts
Blood parts
Plasma
Make up 55% of blood
Plasma breakdown
92% is water
7% is proteins
1% fats, sugar, and salts
Blood Types
Blood types
A, B, AB, O
In most cases you will
receive your blood type
when needing a transfusion.
O: universal donor
AB: universal receiver
Blood Types
Blood types
A:
41% of the population
B:
10% of the population
AB: 4% of the population,
universal receiver
O: 45% of the population,
universal donor
Blood Types
Rh factor
Inherited blood group associated
with A,B,AB, and O.
Approximately 85% are Rh-positive
Approximately 15% are Rh-negative
Percentages vary among racial groups
Blood Types Quiz

A can receive from ____, and ____.

A can donate to ____, and ____.

B can receive from ____, and ____.

B can donate from ____, and ____.

AB can receive from ____, ____, ____, and ____.

AB can donate to ____.

O can receive from ____.

O can donate to ____, ____, ____, and ____.
HEART DIAGRAM QUIZ
1
14
13
2
12
3
11
10
9
4
8
5
15
6
7
HEART DIAGRAM QUIZ ANSWERS
1. Superior Vena Cava
11. Left Atrium
2. Pulmonary Vein
12. Pulmonary Vein
3. Pulmonary Valve
13. Pulmonary Artery
4. Tricuspid Valve
14. Aorta
5. Inferior Vena Cava
15. Septum
6. Right Ventricle
7. Pericardium
8. Myocardium
9. Left Ventricle
10. Mitral Valve
HEART DIAGRAM MID-UNIT EXAM
A
D
G
C
H
F
I
J
B
Answer only the numbered lines.
E