Transcript Six essential nutrient ppt

Nutrition and the six essential
nutrients
Essential Question: Why do I
need to eat a variety of foods?
What is a nutrient?
• A substance in food the body needs to
work properly
6 essential nutrients
• Without these nutrients, our bodies won’t
function properly and can result in
dehydration or malnourishment which can
both end in death
• Carbohydrates
*Water
• Protein
*Vitamins
• Fat
*Minerals
What is a calorie?
• Calories are measurement of the energy that
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food provides to your body.
The more calories, the more energy.
Energy that is unused is often stored as extra
fat in the body; this can cause health
problems.
Calories come from three of our
macronutrients (carbs, protein and fat)
One gram of fat provides 9 calories, One
gram of protein or carbs provides 4 calories
Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates provide the most (and best)
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energy for our bodies.
There are two types of carbs:
 Simple carbs: digest quickly; raise blood sugar
quickly, but only last a short time so blood sugar drops
quickly and causes tired and hungry feeling.
 Complex carbs: slower digesting; help body
maintain a normal, consistent blood sugar level, which
also controls food cravings.
 Carbohydrates should provide 50-60% of your
calories daily.
 Examples: complex - whole wheat bread simple sugar
Protein
• Protein helps repair and rebuild cells,
including hair, skin, and muscle.
• Protein bonds damaged cells together and
makes them stronger (like welding)
• 10-20% of your calories should come from
protein each day.
• Examples: fish, beef, nuts and seeds
Fatty acids
• Fat in the body helps with temperature
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regulation, long-term energy storage and
protection for organs, as well as absorption of
some vitamins.
There are four types of fatty acids that exist,
some good and some bad.
Trans fatty acids and saturated fatty acids do
not process well in the body and have been
known to cause high cholesterol and heart
diseases that could lead to a heart attack or
stroke.
Fatty acids (cont.)
• Mono unsaturated and poly unsaturated fats
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are healthier fats that do not cause the same
health problems as other fats and can even
be beneficial, lowering cholesterol levels and
reducing the risk of heart disease.
30% of our calories should come from fats
each day.
Examples: trans - butter/margerine, saturated
- cheese or meat, mono - vegetable oils, poly
- omega 3 (fish oil)
Water
• Water hydrates the body and carries
oxygen to cells; cells need oxygen to
survive and stay healthy.
• Water also helps flush waste through the
body so that our body stays fresh and
healthy.
• Examples: water, fresh fruits and some
vegetables
Vitamins
• Different vitamins help with different
functions in the body. Some examples
include:
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin B-12
Helps with healthy hair Carrots, squash
and skin
Helps fight germs and Orange juice,
illnesses
broccoli
Helps concentration
and memory
Fish, milk, eggs
Minerals
• Similar to vitamins, minerals help with a
variety of different functions within the
body. Some examples include:
Calcium
Iron
Potassium
Makes strong bones
and teeth
Helps keep blood
healthy
Milk, cheese,
yogurt
Tofu, spinach, red
meat
Helps regulate blood
pressure
Bananas, sweet
potatoes