Transcript The Heart
Pulmonary:
refers to the right side of the heart
which pumps blood to the lungs
Systemic:
refers to the left side of the heart,
which send blood to all systems of the body
Atria:
the top two of the four chambers of the
heart. The atria receives blood from the veins and
forces it into the ventricles.
Ventricles:
Septum:
the two bottom chambers of the heart
the wall of muscle separating the right
and left chambers of the heart
Aorta:
the large artery that carries blood from the
heart to be distributed throughout the body
Coronary
arteries: the small blood vessels that
supply blood to the heart
Arteries:
the blood vessels that move blood
away from the heart
Veins:
the blood vessels that move blood
from the outer parts of the body back to the
heart
Capillaries:
the smallest of the body’s blood
vessels, which carry oxygen and nutrients to
the body cells and pick up waste products
and serve as bridges between the arteries
and veins
Systolic
Pressure: the highest force exerted
by the blood against the arterial wall
Systole: the contraction or squeezing
process of the heart whereby blood is forced
from the heart’s chamber to circulate
throughout the body
Diastolic
Pressure: the blood pressure between
beats when the heart is relaxed
Diastole:
the relaxed phase of the heart’s
contraction during which the hear chambers are
filled with blood
Hypertension:
when the blood pressure is usually
higher than normal, exceeding 140/90
Being
overweight
Too much alcohol
Too much sodium
Too little calcium and potassium
Smoking
Race [especially African-American]
Family history
Plasma:
the fluid part of blood
Platelets:
helps to stop the flow of blood
when an injury occurs
Red
Blood Cells: the blood cells that
transport hemoglobin and oxygen from the
lungs to all body parts
Hemoglobin:
the part of the red blood cell that
contains iron and gives the cell its color
Anemia:
a condition which occurs when the blood
does not have enough red blood cells or the cells
don not contain enough hemoglobin
White
Blood Cells: the blood cells that defend the
body against infection
Respiration:
the exchange of gases between the
lungs and the environment
Diaphragm:
the muscle separating the chest and
abdominal cavity
Trachea:
the windpipe
Bronchi:
one of two tubes through which air travels
from the trachea to the lungs
Bronchiole:
the smaller branches of the bronchi
through which air travels to the lungs
Alveoli:
tiny air sacs in the lungs
Aerobic
Exercise: continuous exercise using
large muscle groups that keeps the heart
rate in the target zone
Anaerobic
Exercise: exercise which is so
intense the body cannot supply the amount
of oxygen needed during the workout
Increase
in cardiorespiratory fitness
Decrease in blood pressure
Lower blood lipids
Increase in HDL –good cholesterol
Decrease in body fat
Increase in ability to handle stress
Help in preventing or controlling diabetes
Plaque:
buildup of fatty deposits inside the
coronary arteries
Atherosclerosis:
the buildup and narrowing on the
inside of arterial walls
Stroke:
occurs when the blood supply is cut off to a
part of the brain
Cholesterol:
a waxy, fatty-like material used by the
body in a variety of chemical processes
Triglycerides:
the blood
fatty particles that transport fat in
Numbness
Feeling
Loss
or weakness on one side of the body
dizzy or falling for no reason
of speech or memory
Temporary
problem with vision in one eye
Heredity
Age
Gender
Blood
LDL-
Lipids
the bad cholesterol
Triglycerides
Improving
Lack
your blood lipid levels
of physical activity
Obesity
Diabetes
Smoking
Stress
the
ability to perform moderate to
high intensity exercise using the large
muscles of your body for a prolonged
period of time.
Creates
a stronger heart muscle which pumps
more blood with each beat and has a longer
rest phase in each cycle, resulting in a lower
heat rate
Increases number of red blood cells
Increases amount of hemoglobin
Lowers blood pressure
Produces
more efficient breathing by increasing the
amount of air with each breath, resulting in fewer
breaths per minute
Increases the amount of oxygen taken from the air
that enters the body
Produces more efficient removal of carbon dioxide
and other waste products from the body
Overload
Principle
Principle of
Progression
Principle of
Specificity
The most desirable rate at
which to heart should be
beating to achieve a
cardiorespiratory
training effect
220
- age
=Maximum HR
-Resting HR
=Trainable HR reserve
x .60
or x .85
=lower limit
THR zone
=upper limit
THR zone
If
you can sing or talk
while you exercise, you
are exercising at a safe
level
Rate
of Perceived Exertion: the assessment
of the intensity of a workout compared to
how you feel
Recovery
Heart Rate: a measurement after
strenuous exercise indicating the rate at
which the heart beat returns to normal
The
HR gradually increases from the
resting HR
The temperature within the muscles
increases
Chances of muscle soreness and injury
are reduced
Follow
the guidelines for your warmup, exercise
session and cool down
Observe the correct techniques for the specific
exercises
Remember the safety precautions regarding
clothing and weather conditions
Keep in mind that overtraining can be harmful
Walking
*Strolling
*Fitness Walking
*Racewalking
*Waterwalking
Jogging
Interval
Cycling
Training
Rope
Jumping
Water Activities
*Water Exercises
*Lap Swimming
Aerobic Exercise to Music
*Low Impact Aerobics
*Step Aerobics
Inline
Skating
Spinning
Rowing
Team Sports
Notebook #3: Due
next class