Unit 3 - West-MEC
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Transcript Unit 3 - West-MEC
Unit 3
•The Cardiovascular
System
Components
• Cardiovascular
system is made up
of many different
areas of your body.
• Heart
• Blood Vessels
• Blood
• Circulatory System
• The lungs also
play a role in
helping the CV
System?
• What do the
lungs do to the
blood in our
body?
Components Cont.
• Each Component is vital
in allowing blood to
flow through our
bodies.
With out all of them
working together
effectively our bodies
may not function
properly.
• Think of dominoes that
are all lined up together
if one of them falls they
all go down.
Heart
• Hearts job is to pump
oxygen and other nutrients
to all cells in the body.
• The HRT helps remove
waste and Carbon Dioxide
from out cells.
• This is done by continually
pumping blood throughout
the body.
• The HRT is the most
important muscle in our
body and can grow stronger
and weaker like any muscle.
Heart Structure
• HRT is about the size of your fist and located
on the left-center side of your chest in the
center of your lungs.
• The HRT is made up of four chambers. Each
chamber has a valve that opens and closes
with blood flow.
Blood Supply
for the Heart
The Muscular
walls of the HRT
are constantly
active and need
lots of oxygen and
energy from blood.
The HRT has its
own network of
Blood Vessels
called Coronary
Arteries.
Blood Supply for
the Heart
There are 2 main
arteries (which carry
blood from the heart
to the body) that
cover the heart and
divide over its surface.
There 2 main veins
(which carry used
deoxygenated blood
back to the heart)
that also cover the
surface for the heart.
Blood Supply for
the Heart
The lower two
chambers have
much thicker
muscular walls
than the upper two
chambers.
There is a thin
layer of HRT
muscle that
separates the right
and left sides.
4 Chambers
The Right Atrium
receives
deoxygenated blood
from the body (head).
The blood then
passes through a valve
and goes down to the
right ventricle.
From the Right
Ventricle the blood is
pumped to the lungs
where it gets oxygen.
Chambers Cont.
The Blood then comes
from the lungs through
veins back into the heart
in the Left Atrium.
The blood then passes
through a valve and makes
its way into the Left
Ventricle.
From the Left Ventricle
the blood that has come
from the lungs and is
oxygenated gets pumped
through the Aorta and
into the rest of the body.
Chambers Cont.
The blood then
goes through the
body and back to
the beginning of
the process.
The contracting of
the heart takes
about a second or
less.
Circulatory & Respiratory
The Heart
CV Diseases
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
• Fatty deposits (plaque) that
cause the walls of your
arteries to become
hardened and narrow.
• This restricts blood flow!
• Results may include stroke,
or blood clots.
Healthy Artery
Mid-Stage Atherosclerosis
Unhealthy Artery
Heart Attack
• Occurs when an area of the
heart muscle is deprived of
blood and oxygen.
• This happens because an
artery has been clogged and
tissue begins to die.
• Symptom include sharp
pain, tingling and numbness
in the left arm.
Heart Cont.
Strong Heart
• Has less fatty
deposits.
• Can pump more
blood using less
energy.
• Lower Resting Heart
Rate.
Weak Heart
• Enlarged bigger than your
fist.
• More fatty deposits
located on the surface
around it.
• Must use more energy to
pump the same amount
of blood as a healthy
heart.
H
e
h
a
y
l
t
U
n
h
e
a
l
t
h
y
Blood
• The blood that flows
through this network of
veins and arteries is
whole blood,
which contains three
types of blood cells:
– red blood cells (RBCs)
– white blood cells (WBCs)
– platelets
• Red blood cells are
shaped like slightly
indented, flattened disks.
• RBCs contain the iron-rich
protein hemoglobin.
• Blood gets its bright red
color when hemoglobin
picks up oxygen in the
lungs.
• As the blood travels
through the body, the
hemoglobin releases
oxygen to the tissues and
turns dark red..
Blood
• The body contains
more RBCs than any
other type of cell,
and each has a life
span of about 4
months.
• Each day, the body
produces new RBCs
to replace those that
die or are lost from
the body.
Blood
Blood
• White blood cells are • Blood contains far fewer
WBCs than red blood
a key part of the
cells, although the body
body's system for
can increase WBC
defending itself
production to fight
infection.
against infection.
• WBCs, and their life spans
• They can move in
vary from a few days to
and out of the
months.
bloodstream to
• New cells are constantly
reach affected
being formed in the bone
marrow.
tissues.
Blood
Blood
• Platelets made in the bone
marrow.
• They help in the clotting
process.
• When a blood vessel
breaks, platelets gather in
the area and help seal off
the leak.
• Platelets survive only
about 9 days in the
bloodstream and are
constantly being replaced
by new cells.
• A clot begins to form when the
blood is exposed to air.
• The platelets sense the presence
of air and begin to break apart.
• They react with the fibrinogen
to begin forming fibrin, which
resembles tiny threads.
• The fibrin threads then begin to
form a web-like mesh that traps
the blood cells within it.
• This mesh of blood cells hardens
as it dries, forming a clot, or
"scab."
Blood
• Blood contains other
important substances,
such as nutrients from
food that has been
processed by the
digestive system.
• Blood also carries
hormones released by the
endocrine glands and
carries them to the body
parts that need them.