Transcript Chapter 7 Basics of Cardiorespiratory

Chapter 7
Lesson 1 & 2
BASICS OF CARDIORESPIRATORY
ENDURANCE
Lesson 1
Your Heart, Lungs, and Circulation
Aerobic Activities and the Body
 Aerobic (with oxygen)

Continuous activity that requires large amounts of oxygen
Rowing
 Step aerobics

 Anaerobic (without oxygen)
 Activity requires high levels of energy and is done for only a
few seconds or minutes at a high level of intensity.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWFyxn0qDEU
The Heart
 Powerful pump
 2000 gallons of blood per day
 2 pumps
right Pulmonary - sends blood to the lungs
 left Systemic - sends blood throughout the body

The Heart
 Septum – the wall of muscle that separates the Right
and Left Chambers
 Veins – transport blood low in oxygen to the right
atrium then the right ventricle
 Aorta – the largest artery in the body
 Coronary arteries – receive blood from the aorta and
supply the heart muscle with its own oxygenated
blood supply
The Heart – blood vessels
 Arteries carry blood away from the heart
 Arterioles
 Capillaries – where the exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide occurs
 Venules
 Veins have no muscular wall, carry blood to the heart
Vein Valves
 Resting Heartrate
 Average 72 beats per minutes
 Hemoglobin
 An iron rich compound in the blood that helps carry the
oxygen

Helps your cells produce energy
 Stroke Volume
 Amount of blood pumped per beat of the heart
Respiratory System


The body system that exchanges gases between your body and
the environment.
Diaphragm

Muscle found between the chest cavity and abdomen
Healthy Lungs
breathe 6 liters of air per minute at rest
up to 100 liters of air per minute during vigorous exercise
Effects of Training on the Heart & Blood System
 More blood is pumped
 Heart becomes stronger, larger, and more efficient
 Reduces the number of beats per minute and more blood per
beat (stroke volume)
 Increases the formation of capillaries in skeletal
muscles and in the heart muscle.
 Increase exchange of gases between blood and
muscles.

Decrease fatigue during aerobic activities
 Decrease recovery time
Effects of training on the Blood
 Aerobic Training
 Increase total blood volume
 Increase red blood cells
 Increase hemoglobin
 Increase oxygen to muscle cells & removes waste product
and carbon dioxide more efficiently
 Increase HDL and decrease LDL
Explain why each of the above is important?
Cardiorespiratory Endurance
the ability of the body to work continuously
for extended periods of time
Benefits:
increased energy
less stress
look and feel better
Lesson 2
Problems and Care of Your Heart and Lungs
Lifestyle Diseases
diseases that are the result of certain
lifestyle choices.
 sedentary lifestyle (inactivity)
 Being overweight
 Smoking and using other forms of tobacco
 Eating foods high in fat and cholesterol
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
 any medical disorder that affects the heart or blood
vessels
 Leading cause of death in the U.S. 950,000
Atherosclerosis
Plaque builds up inside the arteries, restricting or cutting
off blood flow.
Cholesterol
High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) - Good
body produces more with aerobic activity
Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) - BAD
comes from food
aerobic activity lowers
Progression of Atherosclerosis
Stroke
 Building up of deposits in the arteries that interrupts
or blocks blood flow to the brain.
 Warning Signs:





Sudden numbness or weakness in face, arm or leg
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination
Sudden, severe headache with no known cause
Results in damage to the brain and can leave a person partially or
totally paralyzed or death.
Peripheral Vascular Disease
occurs mostly in the legs and less frequently in the arms
 Pain during physical activity
 Primary risk factors:
 Cigarette smoking
 Type 2 diabetes
Sudden Cardiac Death
The loss of blood supply to the heart muscle during a heart attack
may cause the heart to stop beating, referred to as cardiac arrest
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFvXr8WR8wo
Hypertension or High Blood Pressure
Aka – the “Silent Killer”
 No symptoms
 90-95% of the time, unknown cause
Blood Pressure -The force of the blood in the main
arteries
-rises and falls as the heart and muscles of your body cope
with varying demands: stress and vigorous physical activity
 Systolic/Diastolic
 Systolic
– pressure on arteries when heart
contracts
 Diastolic – pressure on arteries when heart relaxes

Normal blood pressure should be 120/80