Transcript Heart Anatomy - UniMAP Portal

Anatomy of the heart
Dr. SIA KOON KET
Head of Medical Department
Tuanku Fawziah Hospital
Cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular
system consists of :
1- The Heart.
2 -Two vascular systems:
A - Systemic circulation.
B - Pulmonary circulation.
Functions of the heart
 Generating blood pressure.
 Routing blood.
 Ensuring one way blood flow.
 Regulating blood supply.
Size ,form and location
of the Heart
 The adult heart is shaped like a blunt
cone and its size about the size of
closed fist.
 The Heart is located in the thoracic
cavity between lungs in the middle
of chest (mediastinum), behind and
slightly to the left of sternum.
 The base directed posteriorly& slightly
superiorly while the apex directed
anteriorly & slightly inferiorly .
 The heart beats 60-100/min.
Anatomy of the heart
Pericardium
A double-layered membrane called the pericardium (fibrous & serous)
surrounds heart like a sac& they are separated by coating of fluid .
Anatomy of the heart
Anterior view
Anatomy of the heart
Anterior view ( cut section)
Anatomy of the heart
Posterior view
Dissection of left
atrium and ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Heart Valves
Four valves regulate blood flow through your heart
Anatomy of the heart
superior view
Blood supply of the Heart
There are the 3 main branches
of the coronary arterial system.
Two arteries arise off the aorta,
just outside the Left Ventricle the
Right (RCA) and Left Main
coronary arteries.
The left quickly branches further
into 2 primary systems, the Left
Anterior Descending (LAD) and
the Circumflex (CX).
Each artery further subdivides into
more, smaller branches to supply
the entire heart with blood.
Coronary blood flow
 Coronary blood flow occurs mostly during
diastole, because during systole the
blood vessels within the myocardium are
compressed.
 Increased heart rates, which reduce the
time for diastole filling, can reduce the
myocardial blood supply and cause
ischaemia.
 In heart failure, the ventricle is less able
to empty and therefore the
intraventricular volume and pressure is
higher than normal.
 During diastole, this pressure is
transmitted to the ventricular wall and
opposes and reduces coronary flow,
especially in the endocardial vessels.
A.superior & inferior vena cava
B. aorta
C.pulmonary artery E .coronary artery
D .pulmonary veins
1. Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the left
ventricle to the body? [ ]
2. Which vessel supplies the heart muscle itself with blood? [
]
3. Which vessels carries deoxygenated or oxygen poor blood
to the right atrium along with the inferior vena cava? [
]
4. Which vessels carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to
left atrium? [ ]
5. Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the right
ventricle to the lungs? [ ]
A.superior & inferior vena cava
B. aorta
C.pulmonary artery E .coronary artery
D .pulmonary veins
1. Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the left
ventricle to the body? [ B ]
2. Which vessel supplies the heart muscle itself with blood? [ E ]
3. Which vessels carries deoxygenated or oxygen poor blood
to the right atrium along with the inferior vena cava? [ A ]
4. Which vessels carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to
left atrium? [ D ]
5. Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the right
ventricle to the lungs? [ C ]
Thank you