Transcript Introduction to the Heart

Introduction to the Heart
Introduction to the Heart
• The heart is a cone-shaped muscular organ located within the
__________.
• Its apex rests on the ____________.
• Its base is at the level of the _________ rib.
• The coronary arteries that nourish the myocardium arise from
the _____________.
• The ____________ are receiving chambers; the _________
are discharging chambers.
• The muscular walls of the heart is called the _____________.
• The myocardium of the ______ ventricle is much thicker than
that of the _______ ventricle.
• The membrane that lines the heart and forms the valve flaps
is called the _______________.
Introduction to the Heart
• The outermost layer of the heart is the ______________.
• The covering surrounding the heart is called the
_____________.
• The space between the ____________ and ___________ is
called the pericardial ______.
• The pericardial sac contains a small amount of fluid to help
reduce ____________ when the heart contracts.
Anatomy of the Heart
1. _________________________
2. _________________________
3. _________________________
4. _________________________
5. _________________________
6. _________________________
7. _________________________
8. _________________________
9. _________________________
10. _________________________
11. _________________________
12. _________________________
13. _________________________
14. _________________________
15. _________________________
Flow of Blood Through the Heart
A. Blood enters heart from the head
and upper extremities via the
_____________________.
B. Blood enters heart from the lower
extremities via the
________________________.
C. Into the __________________
D. Across the ________________
E. Into the __________________
F. Across the ________________
G. Into the __________________
H. On its way to the ___________
I. Blood returns to the heart via the
______________________, now
fully loaded with oxygen.
J. Into the __________________
K. Across the ________________
L. Into the __________________
M. Across the __________________
N. Into the __________________
O. From here, blood is distributed
through the body through
___________ and ___________.
P. Blood returns to vena cava by way of
_______________.
1. _________________________
2. _________________________
3. _________________________
4. _________________________
5. _________________________
6. _________________________
7. _________________________
8. _________________________
9. _________________________
10. _________________________
11. _________________________
12. _________________________
13. _________________________
14. _________________________
15. _________________________
A Microscopic Look at Heart
Muscle
Listening to Heart Sounds
The Conduction System: The Nerves of the
Heart
How to Read an ECG
How to Read an ECG
• A recording of the electrical activity of the
heart is called an _____________.
• The period when the atria are depolarizing
(getting ready to contract) is called the
___________.
• The period when the ventricles are
depolarizing (getting ready to contract) is
called the ____________.
• The period when the ventricles are
repolarizing is called the ____________.
How to Read an ECG
• An abnormally slow heartbeat (slower than 60
beats per minute in a non-athlete) is called
______________.
• An abnormally rapid heartbeat (faster than
100 beats permit at rest) is called
_______________.
• A condition in which the heart is
uncoordinated and useless as a pump is called
______________.
• Transient chest pain, resulting from ischemia
of the myocardium, is called______________.
Atrial Fibrillation
Ventricular Fibrillation
Fetal Circulation
Identify:
Umbilical cord
Umbilical arteries
Umbilical vein
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus
Anatomy of Blood Vessels
Anatomy of Blood Vessels
• Tunica intima
• Tunica media
• Tunica externa
o Single layer of endothelium
o Bulky middle coat,
containing smooth muscle
and elastin
o Provides a smooth surface
to decrease resistance to
blood flow
o The only tunic of capillaries
o Also called the adventitia
o The only tunic that plays an
active role in blood pressure
regulation
o Supporting, protective coat