Transcript Circulatory System

Circulatory System
Vocabulary Lesson 5
1. plasma – the clear, lightyellow liquid that makes up
most of your blood
2. hemoglobin – a
substance in red blood cells
that picks up and carries
oxygen
3. carbon dioxide – a gas
that is one of the wastes
made by your cells.
4. antibodies – substances
in blood that attack and
destroy microbes
5. platelets – tiny parts of
cells in your blood that
help the blood thicken, or
clot, when you have a cut
or wound
6. atrium – an upper
chamber in your heart
7. ventricle – a lower
chamber in your heart
8. lymph – a mixture of
plasma and tissue fluid
that collects cell wastes
Circulatory System
1. What is your blood?
– a. Approximately 1 gallon (4-5 quarts)
of blood in your body – more accurately
7% of the body’s mass is blood…bigger
people have more blood!
– b. It circulates through your body over
and over and never stops moving
– c. Body cells take from your blood what
they need and send their wastes to be
taken away
– d. Most of the red blood seen with a
cut is made up of a clear, light-yellow
liquid called plasma
ii. Blood also contains
– 1. red blood cells
a. hemoglobin – makes the cells red
and picks up oxygen in lungs, carries
it to the body cells
b. When cells pick up oxygen the
release carbon dioxide to the
hemoglobin – CO2 is a waste made
by the cells
c. Blood has more red blood cells
than any other kind – 60,000 would
fit in the dot of an “i”... a single drop
of blood contains millions of separate
cells, each with a job to do
d. A Red Blood Cell looks like a
doughnut with the hole filled in
White blood cells
a. largest cell
b. actually have no color
c. help fight disease by
destroying germs (immune
system)
d. there are different kinds
of White Blood Cells that
defend the body in different
ways
White blood cells
i. some destroy disease causing
microbes
ii. some make antibodies that
attack and destroy microbes so
that they cannot make you ill
again
iii. made in lymph
Platelets
– 3. platelets
a. platelets help your blood
become thick by sticking to the
walls of injured blood vessels
b. other cells are trapped
making a clot that closes the
torn vessel
c. scabs are dried clots
Plasma
4. Plasma
– 55% of total
blood volume
– Made up of
91% water
– 7% Blood
Proteins
– 2% Nutrients,
Hormones &
Electrolytes
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Fun facts about blood
A newborn baby has about 1 cup of
blood in circulation
All the blood vessels in an adult
body strung together could circle
the Earth two and a half times!
In one day, blood travels 12,000
miles
After it leaves the bone marrow, a
red blood cell makes approximately
250,00 trips around the circulatory
system before dying
2. Heart
– a. Hollow, muscular
and about the size of
your fist
– b. A wall divides the
right side from the left
and each side has an
upper and lower half
(4 chambers)
– c. Upper chamber –
atrium
– d. Lower chamber –
ventricle
– e. Right ventricle pumps blood to lungs to get
oxygen and give off carbon dioxide
– f. Left ventricle pumps oxygen rich blood to the
rest of your body where the cells take the
oxygen from the blood and give carbon dioxide
– g. Blood flows back to the atrium on the right
side of your heart
Fun Facts about the Heart
It contracts and relaxes 100,000
times a day, 35 million times a year
and almost 3 billion times in an
average lifetime
It will pump about 48 million gallons
of blood through the body in an
average lifetime
3. Blood Vessels
a. Arteries – carry blood away
from your heart
i. thick, flexible muscle walls to
stand pressure of blood being
pumped out of the heart
b. Veins – carry blood toward
your heart
i. thinner walls than arteries
because the pressure of blood
is lower in veins
ii. they have small flaps in veins
keep blood flowing in 1
direction
c. Capillaries – thin blood
vessels that connect arteries
to veins
i. very thin walls
ii. every tissue has these next to it
iii. nutrients, oxygen, and wastes pass
in and out through capillary walls
iv. plasma also passes through walls
d. lymph – excess plasma, plus
tissue fluid that surrounds
body cells, colorless (blister)
i. carries cell wastes and other
materials
ii. lymph tissue also produces a kind
of white blood cell
Lesson 5 Review
1. What are two main kinds of cells
in blood?
2. How do white blood cells help fight
disease?
3. What are the chambers of the
heart called?
4. How does the blood flow in the
heart?