Transcript Cardiovascular System Outline

Cardiovascular
System Outline
Structures

Heart
 Beats 72 times a
minute
 100,000 times a day
 3 Trillion times in a
lifetime!
 Circulates about 5-7
liters of blood

Blood Vessels
 Arteries
 Veins
Functions




Transport nutrients and oxygen
Transport waste to kidneys
Distribute hormones and antibodies
Help control body temperature and
maintain homeostasis
Heart



2 Sided double pump
Is about the size of
your fist
Lies in the thoracic
cavity between the
lungs
Heart Tissue

Endocardium: smooth
membranous lining
inside the heart

Myocardium: thickest
layer, muscle tissue
that is contractile.
Heart Tissue Cont’d

Epicardium: outermost
layer in the pericardium

Pericardium: covers
the outside of the
heart
Parts of the Heart





Divided into right and left sides
2 chambers in each side, for a total of 4
chambers
Atrium: top, where blood enters
Ventricles: bottom, where blood leaves
Left and right sides separated by a partition
called a septum
Parts of the Heart
Left Atrium
Right Atrium
Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle
Septum
Heart Circulation



Pulmonary: Flow of blood between the
heart and lungs
Systemic: Flow of blood between the heart
and the cells of the body
Coronary: Flow of blood within the heart
Blood flow

Review with heart anatomy
Blood Flow

Vessels

Arteries carry blood away
from the heart
Largest = Aorta
 Heart muscle contractions
pump blood through
arteries
Veins carry blood towards
the heart
Largest = Superior/Inferior
Vena Cava
Valves prevent blood from
returning to heart
skeletal muscle
contractions move blood
through veins

Blood Flow Cont’d

Valves




control blood flow
Valve between left atrium
and ventricle = bicuspid
Valve between right atrium
and ventricle = tricuspid
Pulmonary and aortic
valves stop the back flow
of blood into the heart
Review Blood flow:

4 square blood flow
color sheet
Cardiac Conduction System


Electrical Impulses
produce a wave that
can be recorded on the
ECG
Consists of





Sinoatrial (SA) node
Atrioventriclular (AV) node
Bundle of His (AV Bundle)
Bundle Branches
Purkinje Fibers (network)
SA NODE




Located in the upper right part of the atrium
Is a natural pacemaker
Fires at a rate of 60 to 100 times per
minute
The heartbeat starts in the SA node
AV NODE




Located in the floor of the right atrium
Delays or slows the electrical impulse
Fires at a rate of 40 to 60 time per minute
Can take over if the SA node is not working
Bundle of His


Located next to the AV node
Transfers the electrical impulse from the
atria to the ventricles
Bundle Branches



Located along the left and right side of the
interventricular septum
Act as pathways or a fork in the road
Impulses in the bundle branch perform the
important work of making the heart muscle
contract
Purkinje Network


Provide an electrical pathway for each of
the cardiac cells
Activate the left and right ventricles
simultaneously causing the ventricles to
contract