Transcript Slide 1

MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS
INDIAN
and
western
CLASSICAL
MUSIC
PRESENTED BY
MRS.PREETI CHOUHAN
MUSIC TEACHER
K.V.JAHALAWAR
07432-233388
9460765764
INDEX
 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.
1.INDIAN CLASSICAL MUSIC
2.WESTERN CLASSICAL MUSIC
HISTORY OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
TYPES OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
OBJECTIVES
• THE STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO
LEARN DIFFERENT TYPES OF
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.
• THE STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO
DIFFRENTIATE THE
INSTRUMENTS OF INDIAN AND
WESTERN MUSIC.
WHAT IS MUSICAL INSTRUMENT?
• A musical instrument is a device constructed or
modified for the purpose of making music. In
principle anything that produces sound can serve as
a musical instrument. The expression, however, is
reserved generally for items that have a specific
musical purpose. The academic study of musical
instruments is called organology.
• Some examples of instruments are - trumpet,
bassoon, trombone, flute, clarinet, oboe, piccolo,
saxophone, violin, viola, violoncello, piano, guitar,
bass, lute, koto, sitar, bagpipe, drum, xylophone,
pipe organ, theremin, synthesizer, Aeolian harp, etc.
HISTORY OF MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS
•
There are many types of musical
instruments which people have
used since ancient times. Many
musical instruments were
developed to accompany
religious singing. Depictions of
Mira, a devotee of Lord Krishna
in many antique art works and
other such depictions show the
significance of musical
instruments in worship. The
most well-known Indian musical
instruments then and now are
the sitar and the tabla though
today the Indian musical
instruments market may include
many different instruments.
•
Revered Hindu religious scriptures of the Vedas speak of the
use of musical instruments in worship. The fact that Indian
musical instruments are mentioned in such ancient religious
works is indicative of the fact that music had an important role
in ancient India. The foundation of Indian music was rooted in
three different forms of performance-art. These were Vocal
music or singing, instrumental music and dance.
Medieval musical instruments are those that were used between
the fifth and seventeenth centuries AD in India. Many religious
songs that dealt with the story of Radha and Krishna were
composed during this period. During the Muslim invasion of
Northern India Indian music came to be divided into the
Northern Hindustani music and the southern Carnatic style of
music. The instruments used in the medieval era by musicians
from both styles of music included the veena, the sitar, the
sarod, the shehenai, the tabla, the harmonium and the pakhavaj
to name just a few.
Indian music has two main aspects. Rag which deals with the
area of melody and Tal which has to do with rhythm. The
system of Rag involves the arrangement of seven notes.
Today, many ancient musical instruments are hard to locate
and some rare musical instruments that were once an
important part of Indian musical tradition are no longer used at
all. The 'been', a traditional blowpipe as is usually depicted in
pictures of snake-charmers and the 'bhopung', a one-stringed
musical instrument are some examples of these.
HARMONIUM
IT IS THE MOST ANCIENT
INSRUMENT IN MUSIC.IT
IS USED FOR CREATING
BACKGROUND MUSIC.A
SINGER CAN NOT SING
WITHOUT TAKING IT’S
HELP.
IT HAS THREE SAPTAKS……….
1.MANDRA SAPTAK
IT HAS ONE
DHAMAN.WHEN WE
PULL IT COME
CLOSER AND
CREATES SOUNDS BY
PUTTING FINGERS ON
WOODEN SLIDES.
2.MADHYA SAPTAK
3.TAAR SAPTAK
Flute, Woodwind Instrument
The three branches of the woodwind family have different sources of
sound. Vibrations begin when air is blown across the top of an instrument,
across a single reed, or across two reeds. Reeds are small pieces of cane. A
single reed is clamped to a mouthpiece at the top of the instrument and
vibrates against the mouthpiece when air is blown between the reed and
the mouthpiece. Two reeds tied together are commonly known as a double
reed. This double reed fits into a tube at the top of the instrument and
vibrates when air is forced between the two reeds.
Originally made of wood, the flute is now made from silver or gold and is
about 2 feet in length. It looks like a narrow tube with a row of holes
covered by keys along one side. The player blows air across the small hole
in the mouthpiece to produce a sound that can be either soft and mellow
or high and piercing.
VIOLIN
• The violin is a bowed string
instrument with four string tuned in
perfect fifths.
The word "violin" comes to us
through the Romance languages
from the Middle Latin word vitula,
meaning "stringed instrument";[1]
this word may also be the source
of the Germanic "fiddle".
• A person who plays the violin is
called a violinist or fiddler, and a
person who makes or repairs them
is called a luthier, or simply a violin
maker.
• The mridangam (Tamil:
மிருதங்கம்) is a
percussion instrument
from South India. It is
the primary rhythmic
accompaniment in a
Carnatic music
ensemble. Alternate
spellings include
mridanga, mrudangam,
mrdangam, mrithangam
miruthangam and
mirudhangam
TABLA
TABLA IS THE MOST
RHYTHMIC INSTRUMENTIN
INDIAN CLASSICAL MUSIC.IT
HAS TWO PARTS,ONE IS
WOODEN AND ANOTHER ONE
IS STEEL MADE COVERED
WITH NIKIL.
This is the name for Indian
drums which are usually made
from wood with animal-skin
covers on top.
IT IS DIVIDED INTO SIX
PARTS>>>
KUBH,DIVAL,DUGGI,LANGOT
E,PUDI,GATTE.
TRUMPET
• The trumpet is a musical instrument in the
brass family. It has the highest register in the
brass section. A musician who plays the
trumpet is called a trumpet player or
trumpeter. The most common trumpet by far
is a transposing instrument pitched in B flat the note read as middle C sounds as the B
flat 2 semitones below - but there are many
other trumpets in this family of instruments.
THE GUITAR IS A MUSICAL
INSTRUMENT WITH
ANCIENT ROOTS THAT IS
USED IN VIDE VARIETY OF
MUSICAL STYLES.IT
TYPICALLY HAS SIX
STRINGS,BUT
FOUR,SEVEN,EIGHT,TEN
AND TWELVE STRINGS
GUITARS EXIST.
• Traditionally guitars
have usually been
constructed of
combinations of various
woods and strung with
animal gut, or more
recently, with either
nylon or steel strings.
Guitars are made and
GUITARS ARE
RECOGNIZED AS OF THE
PRIMARY INSTRUMENTS
IN ROCK AND POP
MUSIC.THE TONE IS
PRODUCED BY
VIBRATION OF THE
STRINGS AND
MODULATED BY THE
HOLLOW BODY OR THEY
MAY RELY ON AN
AMPLIFIER THAT CAN
ELECTRONICALLY
MANIPULATE TONE.
SHEHENAI
This instrument is usually played at auspicious
events and ceremonies
THIS INSTRUMENT HAS AN
APPROXIMATELY CYLINDRICAL
BORE AND USES A SINGLE
REED.
DRUM
Drums consist of at least one
MEMBRANE, called a DRUMHEAD
or drum skin, that is stretched over a
shell and struck, either directly with
parts of a player's body, or with some
sort of implement such as
aDRUMSTIC, to produce SOUND
Drums are the world's oldest and most
ubiquitous musical instruments, and the
basic design has remained virtually
unchanged for thousands of years.Most
drums are considered "untuned
instruments", however many modern
musicians are beginning to tune drums
to songs; A few such as TIMPANI are
always tuned to a certain pitch. Often,
several drums are arranged together to
create a DRUMSET that can be played
by a musician.
THE SITAR IS A PLUCKED
STRINGED INSTRUMENT.IT USES
SYMPATHETIC STRING ALONG
WITH A LONG HOLLOW NECK AND
A GOURD RESONATING CHAMBER
TO PRODUCE A VERY RICH SOUND
WITH COMPLEX HARMONIC
RESONENCE.PREDOMINATELY
USED IN HINDUSTANI CLASSICAL
MUSIC.THIS IS THE ONLY
INSTRUMENT HAVING MALE AND
FEMALE CATEGORY.
• A mandolin is a musical instrument
which is plucked, strummed or a
combination of both. It is descended
from the MANDORA. The most
common design as originated in
NAPLES, Italy has eight metal strings
in four pairs (courses) which are
plucked with a PLECTRUM. Variants
include four-string (one string per
course), six-string (one string per
course) as per the MILENISEdesign,
twelve-string (three strings per
course), and sixteen-string (four
string per course). It has a body with a
teardrop-shaped soundtable (i.e.
face), or one which is essentially oval
in shape, with a soundhole, or
soundholes, of varying shapes which
are open and not latticed.]
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1. FILL UP THE BLANKS…….
A HARMONIUM HAS ………………SAPTAKS.
2.SITAR,GUITAR AND VOILIN ARE …………………INSRUMENTS.
GIVE TRUE AND FALSE……….
1.SHEHENAI is usually played at auspicious events and ceremonies.(
2.TABLA is the instrument of western classical music.(
)
)
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER………
1.THE INSTRUMENT WHICH LOOKS SIMILAR TO DHOLAK IS..
1.TABLA
2.MREDANGAM
3.MANDOLIAN
2.THE ONLY INSTRUMENT HAVING MALE AND FEMALE CATEGORY
.
1.SITAR
2.GUITAR
3.HARMONIUM
VOTE OF THANKS
THANKS TO ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER
MR.K.V CHAMOLA
EDUCATIONAL OFFICER C.P.MAHAJAN
PRINCIPAL DR.R.K.PUNIA
MICROSOFT TRAINER MR. MANISH KUMAR DAS