Transcript Electricity
Electricity & Magnetism
Chapter 1 - Electricity
8th Grade
What is Electricity and Magnetism?
On a post it, write how we use electricity.
On a post it, write how we use
magnetism.
Positive and Negative Charges
How do charged particles
react to one another?
Protons – positively
charged, found in the
nucleus
Neutrons – no charge,
found in the nucleus
Electrons – negative
charge, found in the
electron cloud
Section 1 – Electric Charge
More about the atom
All atoms have a neutral charge.
Same number of protons, neutrons, and
electrons
If an atom becomes charged, it is called
an ion.
Ions can be positively charged or
negatively charged.
Section 1 – Electric Charge
How do objects become charged?
It is easier for an atom to lose electrons.
When solid objects are rubbed together,
electrons transfer from one object to
another.
Examples:
- balloon to hair
This buildup of electric charge is called
static electricity.
Section 1 – Electric Charge
Ions move through solutions
Sometimes the movement of ions causes a
flow of charge.
This happens in our bodies to help
different parts communicate with one
another.
In this flow of charge, ions are moving,
not electrons.
Section 1 – Electric Charge
Electric Forces
Electric forces can be attractive or
repulsive.
Electric force gets stronger as the distance
decreases.
Electric charges exert a force on each
other at a distance through an electric
field.
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Insulators and Conductors
Electrons cannot
move easily through
insulators.
Plastic, wood, rubber,
glass
What are some uses
of insulators?
Electrons can move
easily through
conductors.
Metals
What are some uses
of conductors?
Section 1 – Electric Charge
Induced Charge
Have you ever played the static game with
your siblings?
Rub your feet (with socks) on carpet, and
then go and touch another surface.
You get a shock (electric discharge)
because of induced charge.
Lightning is an example of electric
discharge.
Section 1 – Electric Charge
Grounding
Process of providing a pathway to drain
excess charge into Earth.
Small amounts of electric discharge and
create problems with circuits (computers).
Lightning rods are examples
Section 1 – Electric Charge