3220Lecture13Chapter12
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Transcript 3220Lecture13Chapter12
EDITING
CODING
DATA ENTRY
ERROR
CHECKING
AND
VERIFICATION
DATA ANALYSIS
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The process of checking and
adjusting the data
◦ for omissions
◦ for legibility
◦ for consistency
And readying them for
coding and storage
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The process of identifying and assigning a
numerical score or other character symbol to
previously edited data
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Categories should be exhaustive
Categories should be mutually exclusive and
independent
Remember level of measurement when
analyzing data!
◦ Mean for gender is meaningless.
Select logical codes
◦ E.g. 1 for most common category
◦ E.g. Low or negative numbers for disagree
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Pre-coding Example
1a. How many years have you been playing tennis on a
regular basis (if at all)?
Number of years: __________
b. What is your level of play?
Novice or non-player . . .
Lower Intermediate . . . . .
Upper Intermediate . . . . .
1
2
3
Advanced . . . . . . .
Expert . . . . . . . . .
Teaching Pro . . . .
4
5
6
c. In the last 12 months, has your level of play
improved, remained the
same or decreased?
Improved. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Remained the same . . . . .
3
2
Decreased. . . . . . .
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May have pre-set categories
◦ Based on your theory/lit review/expectations
May develop categories based on responses
◦ Read all responses
◦ Record in abbreviated form
◦ Develop categories
◦ Code a subset to assess categories
Do all responses have a clear place?
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Number each statement
◦ Must determine what makes a “statement”
◦ Usually each complete idea or concept
◦ May or may not follow sentence structure
Assign a code to each numbered statement
May require several data entry columns
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Identifies each variable
Provides a variable’s description
Identifies each code name and position on
storage medium
Indicates response options and their
corresponding codes
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Add an ID number to each questionnaire
◦ Create category headers at top of each column
◦ Enter ID as the first field
◦ Enter each person across
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ID
Q1
1 james madison university
2
Babson College
3 Frostburg State University
Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5
1 0 2 2
1 1 6 5
1 0 7 7
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Checks:
◦ Look at frequency distributions
number of responses
how many missing values?
consistent with the response categories?
make sure there are no “unreasonable” answers
includes the full range?
e.g, all the numbers in a 1 to 7 scale
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