Transcript Taking Notes - davis.k12.ut.us

Taking Notes
Introduction
Creating an early plan
Taking notes
Summarizing information
Paraphrasing information
Using direct quotations
Talk About It
Your Turn
Introduction
As you proceed along your research journey, make sure
you know where you’re headed so that you stay on the
right path.
But wait! How can you
know that you’re on the
right path?
Creating an early plan
Before you go on any journey, you need a map.
Creating an early plan will help you map out your
research route.
Remember that your early
plan can be revised if you
find that you have too
little or too much
information about your
research topic.
Creating an early plan
Your early plan will help you answer crucial questions
about your research such as
What information should I take
from my sources?
Which information has the most
to do with my topic?
Creating an early plan
Here
As
you
is can
an example
see, an early
of an plan
earlyisplan
like for
a map
a paper
for your
on
research
digital
music
and and
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recording industry.
Early Plan
Topic: The effects of digital music on the
recording industry in America
a refined topic
Background
Overview of technology
subdivisions
Availability of free digital music
Profit losses for recording companies
Impact on artists
headings
Legal issues
Possible solutions
Taking notes
Once you have a plan, you can begin to take notes
from your sources. As you read through your sources,
look for
statistics
facts
examples
expert opinions
Focus on information that answers your research
questions and fits into your early plan.
Taking notes
Statistic: information in numerical form
There are nearly five hundred online music services
available in more than forty countries worldwide.
Fact: a statement that can be proven to be true
Digital music piracy is still a major concern for the
recording industry.
Taking notes
Example: a specific illustration of a general idea
Portable digital music players
have contributed greatly to the
rise of digital music.
Expert opinion: the ideas of someone who is an
expert on your topic
“The record industry today has evolved into a digital
thinking, digitally literate business.” —John Kennedy,
Chairman of the International Federation of the
Phonographic Industry
Taking notes
As you read through your sources, carefully evaluate the
information you find. Ask yourself
Does this
information
fit into my
early plan?
Will this
information
help me
answer my
research
questions?
If the answer to both of these questions is yes, you
should record that information.
Summarizing information
Summarizing is a critical note-taking skill. When
summarizing information
use only the author’s most
important ideas
put ideas in your own words and
use your own sentence structure
make your summary only about one-fourth to one-third
as long as the original
Summarize when you have to remember only the main
idea of what you read or heard. Most of your notes
should be taken in this format.
Summarizing information
Below is an article on the efforts of the University of
California to stop music piracy.
On the next slide, you will see this article summarized.
Summarizing information
Is this an effective summary of the passage?
NO
Explain why or why not.
The University of California, Berkley
said it’s
it's stepping up anti-piracy
efforts. The
The name
name of
of this
this campaign
campaign is
is
Learn before you Burn. Previously,
students caught downloading music
would be warned. Now, new residents
caught illegally downloading music
will automatically lose their in-room
Internet connection for one week or
longer.
uses
author’s
words
includes
unimportant
details
uses
author’s
words
Summarizing information
Consider this summary. How does it differ from the first?
UC Berkeley is trying to
prevent music piracy by
increasing penalties against
it and educating students
about the dangers of illegal
downloading.
uses student’s own
words
includes only most
important ideas
is about one-fourth as
long as original
This is an effective summary.
Paraphrasing information
Paraphrasing is another very important note-taking
skill. When paraphrasing a source,
include both main ideas and details from the original
source
put the ideas and details in your own words and use your
own sentence structure
use quotation marks if you use any of the
author’s actual words
“ ”
make your paraphrase about the same length as the
original
Paraphrase when you need to explain an idea in detail.
Paraphrasing information
Here is another article on music piracy. You’ll see this
information paraphrased on the next slide.
New technology could help squelch digital music piracy
A group of technology companies is creating a set of industry
standards that could help put digital piracy protections directly into
portable disk drives as soon as this summer.
The plans are initially likely to affect removable data storage, such as
Zip drives or the Flash memory cards used in MP3 players. But the
standards could ultimately serve as a way to keep consumers from
copying copyrighted files directly onto their hard drives, a daunting
prospect for those who download music or videos from the Net.
Paraphrasing information
Is this an effective paraphrase of the music piracy
article? Why or why not?
New technology could put
digital piracy protections
directly into portable
disk drives. This could
affect people who download
content.
gives main idea but
leaves out supporting
details
uses the author’s exact
words without quotation
marks
is not nearly as long as
the original
No, this is not an
effective paraphrase.
Paraphrasing information
Consider this paraphrase. How does it differ from the
first?
New technology is being created
that will place “digital piracy
protections” in portable devices
such as Zip drives and Flash
flash
memory cards. Eventually, this
built-in copy protection could
keep people who use the Internet
to download music and videos
illegally from putting those
files on their hard drives.
uses the author’s
exact words in
quotation marks
uses student’s
own words
includes the main
ideas and details
from the passage
This is an effective paraphrase.
Using direct quotations
Writers use direct quotations when they want to use
an author’s exact words in their own work. When using
direct quotations
Limit your use of direct quotations. Less than ten
percent of your research project should be direct quotations
from your sources.
Copy the material word for word and put quotation marks
around each direct quotation.
Quote an author directly only when his or her exact words
and ideas are important.
Using direct quotations
Here is information a student has found through his
research.
A recent study shows that teenagers are the largest
demographic of offenders when it comes to digital
music piracy. The results of the study show that 83%
of the teens who categorized themselves as music
listeners admitted to piracy, compared to 67% of adults
from 18–29, and 32% of adults from 30–50. And of those
teens, just over half of them said they knew it was
wrong. So what is going on here? According to the
survey, justifications for this behavior ranged from lack
of a steady income, to lack of direct consequences for
the actions, to an “everyone else is doing it” mentality.
Using direct quotations
Is this an effective use of direct quotation?
“A recent study shows that
teenagers are among the largest
offenders when it comes to digital
music piracy,” maybe because they
don’t have a steady income to buy
new music, or because they feel
like everyone else is doing it.
“The results of the study show
that 83% of the teens who
categorized themselves as music
listeners admitted to piracy” and
that most of them knew it was
wrong. What
So what
is going
is going
on here?
on here?
No
the quotation
is not a
powerful point
quotations are
overused
the author’s
words are not
in quotation
marks
Using direct quotations
Is this an effective use of a direct quotation?
The results of the survey showed
that some of the reasons teens
involved themselves in digital
music piracy “ranged from lack
of a steady income, to lack of
direct consequences for the
actions, to an ‘everyone else
is doing it’ mentality.”
This is an effective direct
quotation.
quotation uses
important words
from author
quotations are
not overused
Conclusion
Now that you have created your early plan and
mapped out your research route, you can document
your sources.
To help yourself stay
on track, remember to
update your early plan
as you go.
Talk About It
Discuss these questions with your classmates.
1. How does an early plan help you prepare to write a
draft of your paper?
2. How do you decide what to write down when you
are taking notes from a source?
3. When does using a direct quotation add to your
work? When does it take away from your work?
4. Why is it so important to take accurate notes as you
do your research?
Your Turn
Read this news clipping; then complete the activities on
the following slide.
In an effort to steer its students away from piracy, the state
university is now offering subscriptions to a popular online
music service for an incredibly low monthly fee. In order to
offer such a lucrative deal to students, the university had to
first negotiate the deal with the service provider. “We were
willing to take the risk and lower our prices so drastically in
the hopes that it will reduce the amount of illegal file sharing
currently occurring on college campuses,” said Christine
Marks, the CEO of the company. Marks expressed her hope
that this partnership would be the first step towards curbing
digital music piracy.
Your Turn
1. Using the article on the previous slide, create:
a) a summary note
b) a paraphrase note
c) a direct quotation note
The End