Transcript mgbmi2e_ppt_01_03

Chapter 1
The Whole Numbers
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall.
1.3
Adding Whole Numbers
and Perimeter
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall.
Adding Whole Numbers
An electronics store received a shipment of two boxes of
iPod nanos one day and an additional four boxed of iPod
nanos the next day. The total shipment in the two days can
be found by adding 2 and 4.
The sum (or total) is 6 boxes.
2 and 4 are called addends, and the process of finding the
sum is called addition.
2

4  6



addend addend sum
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Adding Whole Numbers
To add whole numbers, we add the digits in the ones place,
then the tens place, then the hundreds place, and so on.
Example: 2236 + 160
2236
 160
2396
Line up numbers vertically so that the place values
correspond. Then add the digits in corresponding
place values, starting with the ones place.
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Adding Whole Numbers
When the sum of digits in corresponding place values is
more than 9, carrying is necessary.
Example: 365 + 89
1 1
365
 89
4 54
5 ones + 9 ones = 14 ones or 1 ten + 4 ones
Write the 4 in the ones place and carry the 1 ten to
the tens place.
1 ten + 6 tens + 8 tens = 15 tens or 1 hundred + 5
tens Write the 5 tens in the tens place and carry the
1 hundred to the hundreds place.
Add the hundreds-place digits.
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Example
Add: 32,285 + 149,761
1 1 1
32,285
 149,761
182,046
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Adding Whole Numbers
Addition Property of 0
The sum of 0 and any number is that number. For
example,
7+0=7
0+7=7
Next, notice that we can add any two whole numbers
in any order and the sum is the same. For example,
4 + 5 = 9 and 5 + 4 = 9.
We call this special property of addition the
commutative property of addition.
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Adding Whole Numbers
Commutative Property of Addition
Changing the order of two addends does not change
their sum.
For example,
2 + 3 = 5 and 3 + 2 = 5.
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Adding Whole Numbers
Associative Property of Addition
Changing the grouping of addends does not change
their sum.
For example,
3 + (5 + 7) = 3 + 12 = 15 and
(3 + 5) + 7 = 8 + 7 = 15.
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Finding the Perimeter of a Polygon
A polygon can be described as a flat figure formed
by line segments connected at their ends.
The perimeter of a polygon is the distance around
the polygon. This means that the perimeter of a
polygon is the sum of the lengths of its sides.
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Example
Find the perimeter of the polygon.
5 in
8 in
4 in
6 in
3 in
To find the perimeter (distance around), we add the
lengths of the sides.
5 in. + 8 in. + 6 in. + 3 in. + 4 in. = 26 in.
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Solving Problems by Adding
Key Words or
Phrases
added to
plus
increased by
more than
total
sum
Example
2 added to 3
5 plus 93
13 increased by 5
9 more than 30
the total of 3 and 5
the sum of 391 and 3
Symbols
2+3
5 + 93
13 + 5
9 + 30
3+5
391 + 3
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Solving Problems by Adding
Example
The state of Hawaii has 1851 miles of urban
highways and 2291 miles of rural highways. Find the
total highway mileage in Hawaii. (Source: U.S.
Federal Highway Administration)
1851  2291  4142 mi
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