Transcript Nutrition & Healthy Living Project

Nutrition & Healthy
Living Project
Group 1
HCS Class of 2009
Mentor: Brandon Burton
Introduction
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Nutrition is the study of the materials that nourish an
organism and of the manner in which the separate
components are used for maintenance.
The components that are used for maintenance are
repair, growth, and reproduction.
Humans require food substances to supply the
components necessary to build tissues, to repair tissues
as they wear out and die, to keep the body in good
working condition, and to supply food for energy.
In order to maintain a healthy
lifestyle…
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In order for a person to maintain a healthy lifestyle, one
should have a well balanced diet, and by well balanced
we mean one that provides the proper amounts of each
of the classes of nutrients each day.
The diet should furnish a proper and not excessive
amount of calories a day.
The foods that must be consumed in order to keep a
well balanced diet should consists of proteins,
carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
Other ways one can maintain a
healthy living…
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Healthy living includes physical, mental, emotional,
social, and spiritual wellness or well being.
Parks and exercising facilities in an area can motivate an
individual to keep exercising and maintain a healthy life
style.
If one’s job or school is near their home, walking is
recommended as a mode of exercise.
Stress can deteriorate an individuals life style, therefore,
it is not recommended to stress out when life has its
downfalls.
What is the food pyramid?
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The food pyramid is a general guideline of what one
should eat daily. The official food pyramid was created
in 1992.
The overall goal of the food pyramid was to express the
different food groups clearly enough so that it can be
easier for people to follow.
The food pyramid consists of the different food groups
that should be consumed in order to be healthy. (fats,
meats and beans, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and
grains)
The Food Pyramid
Obesity
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Obesity is a cardio vascular disorder that is mainly
caused by an excessive amount of body fat that the
body produces. Body Mass Index (BMI) was
introduced in order to determine if people are obese or
overweight.
BMI has a set up scale for both adults and children.
When doing a physical, doctors usually determine if a
patient is obese with the weight that the person
currently weighs and their height.
Obesity is one of the deadliest disorders that Americans
die from sue to illnesses like diabetes and cardio
vascular disease.
Calculation of BMI
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If an individual weighs 160 pounds and whose height is
five feet and ten inches tall. Convert the person’s height
into inches: (5 feet x 12 inches) + 10 inches = 70
inches.
Then the person’s height has to be squared: 70 x 70 =
4,900. Divide the weight by the squared height:
160/4,900 = .0326.
Finally, multiply the correcting factor of 703 since we
are not using metric: .0326 x 703 = 22.9.
The BMI in this case is 22.9 and according to the scale,
the person maintains a healthy weight.
The BMI Scale
Statistics on Obesity
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In New York City, the majority of the people that
suffer from obesity are African Americans and Latinos.
There is a difference when the statistics of these groups
are compared to those of Caucasians.
Colorado is considered healthiest state in the United
States. However, states like Alabama, Mississippi,
Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, and West
Virginia are populated with more people being obese.
Diabetes
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Diabetes is mainly known to affect the minority
groups like African Americans and Latinos. Also
it can affect the elderly. There are two types
Diabetes- Diabetes Type 1 (IDDM) and
Diabetes Type 2 (NIDDM).
Diabetes Type 1 is closely related with children
being affected with it and it is often called
juvenile diabetes.
The Two Types of Diabetes
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In Diabetes Type 1, insulin is not frequently produced
which means that the body does not get much energy
that it needs.
Insulin is the hormone that breaks down starches to
make glucose which also known as energy.
Diabetes Type 2 affects individuals because in this case
insulin is not made (similar to type 1) or the cells do not
respond to the insulin produced.
The Relationship Between Obesity
and Diabetes
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Obesity is a risk factor that puts an individual at
risk of developing diabetes. The high amounts
of fat in the body affects the veins & then the
cells do not receive enough glucose.
If a person is obese and diabetic there is a very
high chance of the person dying. Both types of
diabetes can affect main organs such as the
heart, liver, and kidney.
Cardio Vascular Disease
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Cardio Vascular Disease is characterized by a
dysfunction of the heart and the blood vessels.
CVD is a condition that involves the narrowed
or blocked blood vessels. It can lead to a heart
attack, chest pain, and stroke.
This condition is considered to be the leading
cause of death for Whites, Blacks, Hispanics,
Indians, and Alaska natives.
Socioeconomic Factors &
Demographics
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Nutrition is comprised of many factors that help
with building it. Socio economic factors,
environment, and demographics are such.
Socioeconomic factors are determinants
consisting of income, ethnicity, and community.
One’s environment can determine the type of
people that live there and how they live their
lives based on the stores and the facilities near
by.
The Correlation Between Nutrition,
Socio economic factors, and
Demographics
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was determined that the foods that
are consumed at a neighborhood may
be based on the income level,
ethnicities, types of grocery stores or
supermarkets, and the health facilities
that are present.
Purpose
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The purpose of this project is to find the
relationship between the quality and
availability of food and health related
conditions present in a neighborhood. We
were also advised to take note of the
dominant ethnic groups in the
neighborhood.
Hypothesis
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Low income areas have poorer quality and limited
availability of fresh food from local food suppliers.
These neighborhoods have fewer health facilities such
as fitness centers, nutritional supplement retailers, and
health food stores. These areas are more prone to
health related illnesses and conditions; such as obesity,
diabetes, and cardio vascular disease. Food retailers of
natural organic products do not open businesses in low
income areas due to income level, taxes, and high crime
rates. Low income consumers do not patronize these
businesses due to residence, lack of health education,
and high prices of good quality foods.
Methods & Observations
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The information provided relates to our project
because the objective in this project is to find the
quality of foods and health related conditions based on
the neighborhood.
Also each student was assigned to keep a food log with
his or her food intake, amount of water taken, and
modes of exercise. The food logs helped us determine
if the students were eating healthy, drinking enough
water, and getting the proper amount of exercise.
Methods & Observations (cont.)
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We went on site visits to different neighborhoods. Our
purpose was to determine if the people in the
neighborhoods were consuming the proper foods. The
foods that were considered proper were from the food
groups in the food pyramid.
We visited the farmer’s markets, grocery stores, and
supermarkets in the boroughs of Manhattan
(Washington Heights), Brooklyn, Staten Island, the
Bronx, and Queens.
Methods & Observations (cont.)
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Some of the food presented at farmer’s market
were not presented well and the food did not
look like it was well prepared.
The corner stores sold unhealthy foods and low
prices which makes it easier to buy unhealthy
food.
The supermarkets in low income areas sold
unhealthy foods aswell. (unhealthy parts of the
animal and large amounts of junk food)
Pictures of Farmer’s Markets
The Purpose of Farmer’s Markets
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Since 1976, staff, volunteers, and farmers have
been working together in order to bring out
regional agriculture to preserve farm land and
ensure a continuing supply of fresh, local
produce for New Yorkers.
EBT, Food Stamps, WIC, and Senior FMNP
coupons are accepted at some farmer’s markets,
but not all.
More Pictures
Conclusion
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There is a correlation between the health related
diseases and the distribution and availability of produce
in the different areas. The low income areas did have a
poor food availability.
There are several solutions that can be brought out in
order to solve problems in the distribution of goods.
More farmer’s markets can come together in order to
sell their goods to the people in a neighborhood
without farmers markets. Also more health facilities
should be accessible to the members of a community.
Educative programs can help educate families about
eating healthy, going to farmer’s market to purchase
high quality produce, and prevent health conditions that
develop from not eating healthy foods.
Conclusion (cont.)
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There can also be a code or an inspection
carried out to ensure that the food presented at
food markets and how they display the food to
the public.
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Even with the Food Pyramid available to the
public, it is still hard for people to maintain a
healthy lifestyle due to the different
socioeconomic factors.
References
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“Sales, Promotions & Food Consumptions”.
Pub Med. Nutrition Review. 2009 Jun; 67(6):
333-342
“Nutrition and Well Being”. A-Z Education.
Delores C.S. James. New York: Mac Millan
Reference. USA, 2004. 2uds.
Nutrition Research. Jan 2008. volume 28 (pg 13)
Gale Database, JSTOR, and EBSCO Host.
Acknowledgments
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Brandon Burton (Mentor)
Scott and Rami (Co-mentors)
Dr. Sat Bhattacharya
HCS Staff
Raquel Gonzalez & Esmeralda Gil
And all of you for listening
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Questions????