Transcript open presentation

Computerized Train Control System
by:
Shawn Lord
Christian Thompson
Advisor: Dr. Schertz
Presentation Outline
• Project Overview
• Digital Train Control
• System Components
–
–
–
–
–
•
•
•
•
Local Controller
DCC Format
DCC Encoder
Switch Controller
Sensor Controller
Train Layout
Design Implementation
Results
Future Work
Project Overview
• Digital Train Control System
– Digital Control of Model Trains
– Control of Track Equipment
– Computer Interface
• Goals
– Fully control a digitally equipped locomotive
– Control of switches and layout features
– Sense train locations and layout state
– Link all control to a central computer
– Provide a train layout for future use
– Provide supporting documentation
Digital Train Control
• How Digital Control Works
– Command Station
• Takes User Input
• Sends a command signal on rails of layout
– Decoder Card
• Resides in each locomotive
• Derives power and data from signal on rails
• Powers locomotives lights and motor
Digital Train Control
• Standards
– National Model Railroad Association (NMRA)
• Sets Industry standards for model railroading
• Recently incorporated standards for digital control
– Digital Command Control (DCC)
• NMRA standard for digital train control
• Provides standards for communication with
compatible Decoder Cards
• Advantages
• Locomotives are individually addressable
• One signal to all rails on layout
• Existing industry standards
System Components
Block Diagram and Data Flow
Train Layout
Controller
Application
Local
Controller
DCC
Encoder
Locomotives
Track
Accessories
Track
Sensors
Downstream
Upstream
Local Controller
• Handles low level control of train layout
– Receives commands over serial link with PC
– Creates serial packet for control of locomotives
– Controls switches and accessories
– Polls track sensors for position reporting
• Implementation
– 8051 microprocessor
– Programmable Logic Device (FPGA)
– Signal buffering circuitry
Local Controller
• Command List
– Local Controller Commands
– Reset All
– Locomotive Commands
–
–
–
–
–
–
Send Override Packet
Send Service Mode Packet
Send From Command List
Add to Command List
Remove from Command List
Clear Command List
Local Controller
• Command List (contd.)
– Switch/Accessory Commands
–
–
–
–
Set one output
Clear one output
Pulse one output
Reset all outputs
– Sensor Commands
– Reset sensor timer
– Return one sensor
– Return all sensors
Program Flow
Command
from PC
Command
Processing
Locomotive
Add command
to queue
Accessory or
Switch
Write
command out
to controller
Sensor
Poll sensor(s)
Continuously
write commands
out to Encoder
Transmit sensor
reading(s) to PC
Local Controller
• Memory Allocation (Memory Mapped IO)
– 0x00 – 0x07
• DCC Encoder
– 0x08 – 0x7F
• Output space
– 0x80 – 0x8F
• Sensor space
DCC Format
• Transition based
serial encoding
• Bit times
– 232us – ‘0’ bit
– 116us – ‘1’ bit
• Fully rectified signal
provides power for
trains
DCC Format
• Basic Packet Format
– Preamble – ten ones followed by a zero
– Address – eight bits followed by a zero
– Data – eight bits followed by a zero
– Error Check – eight bits followed by a one
{preamble}0{address}0{data}0{error check}1
• Speed Packet
– 01DCSSSS
• Other Packet Types
DCC Encoder
•
•
•
•
•
•
Receives data from Local Controller
Transmits data in DCC format
Connected to external bus of Local Controller
Interrupts Local Controller upon completion
Implemented in VHDL
Registers
– 0x00
– 0x00 – 0x07
Command byte
DCC Packet to transmit
DCC Encoder
Software Flow
transmit
preamble
command
byte empty
check
command byte
transmit
idle packet
command
byte present
transmit
data bytes
Interrupt
processor on
last bit
System Components
Block Diagram and Data Flow
Train Layout
Controller
Application
Local
Controller
DCC
Encoder
Locomotives
Track
Accessories
Track
Sensors
Downstream
Upstream
Track Switches
• Allow locomotives to change paths
• Solenoid Controlled
– Double throw solenoid
– Requires 12v 5ms pulse
• Motor Controlled
– Small gear motor
– Requires 12v signal
– Motor stalls upon end of travel
Switch / Accessory Controller
• Connected to external bus of Local Controller
• Latches data from Local Controller
• 16 outputs total
– 8 switches
– 16 accessories
– Sinks 600mA continuous or 3A pulsed
• Addresses
– Address + 0
– Address + 1
Latch A
Latch B
Sensors
• Allow Location of locomotive on layout
– Layout divided into 21 blocks
– Current sensor on each block
• Current sensing
– 1ohm current sense resistor
– Differential voltage amplifier
Sensor Controller
• Connected to A/D input of Local Controller
• Data Latched from External Bus
– 000C 0DDD
• C – enables controller
• DDD – selects 1 of 8 analog inputs
• 8 inputs
– Selected by analog switch
– Inputs filtered using an RC filter
Train Layout
Train Layout
• Designed for future use
– 2 separate loops
– 2 loopbacks
– 1 crossover
– 5 single ended sidings
– 4 track train yard
– 1 pass through siding
Train Layout
XS-40 Implementation of Design
• XS-40 FPGA Prototyping Board
–
–
–
–
Manufactured by XESS Corporation
Xilinx 4005E-pc84 FPGA chip
8031 uC
128byte SRAM
• Used to implement Design
– Local Controller uses 8031
– DCC Encoder implemented on FPGA
– Interface Board Designed
• A to D converter
• 256byte EEprom Memory
• External Bus
Results
• Hardware
– Train Layout Built and Wired
– Two DCC Compatible Locomotives
– Local Controller Designed and Implemented
– Sensors Designed and Tested
– Switches Designed and Tested
– Controller Boards
• (Main, Switch, Sensor)
• Design and Layout complete
• Not manufactured
Results
• Software
– Serial interface designed and Implemented
– Train control designed and implemented
– Switch control designed
– No software support for sensors
– No support for service mode packets
Future Work
• Manufacture and Build Controller Boards
• Software
– Sensor polling
– Service mode packets
• Decoupling and Crash prevention
Questions ?
Web-based Control Interface
For a model train control system
By: Kevin Sendra
Advisors:
Dr. Schertz
Dr. Malinowski
Presentation Outline
• Overview of the Project
• Project Description
• Results
– Problems
– Future work
Project Overview
• Add-on to the Local Control System
• Allows control and/or view of the layout
from the internet
Project Description
Block Diagram
Client
Server and
Serial Interface
Client Description
• Allows the user to control the speed and
direction of multiple trains
• Displays connection information and
command status (from server)
• Image Map for switch control (no switch
control currently)
Client Flowchart
Start
Get
Parameters
Thread
Delay
Thread
Receive
Create GUI
Elements
Send
Command
To Server
Receive
From Server
Connect to
Server
Start
Threads
Event
Handling
Close socket
End threads
Wait .5s
Append to
Text Area
Current GUI
Local Computer
• Server
– Waits for a connection
– Logs connections
– Receives commands and sends them to the
serial port
– Acknowledges commands
– Sets session length to 10 minutes
• Webcam Software
– Dorgem
Server Flowchart
Server
Start
Start Thread
Thread
Timeout
Wait For A
Connection
Compare
Stored Time
To Current
Time
Log Connection
Store Time +10m
Disconnect
If Equal
Wait For A
Command
Acknowledge
Close
Connection
Webcam Viewer
Results
• Working graphical user interface
– Allows locomotive speed and direction
controls
– Displays command status
• Working Server
• Viewable webcam stream
Problems
• The computer
– Speed
– Security and Software
• Java versions and Internet Explorer or
Netscape
Future Work to be Completed
– Implement switch control
– Allow a configuration file to set up certain
elements of the interface
Train Control
Train Control
Train Control 800x600
Questions
Local Computer Interface
For A Digital Train Controller
By: Zachary Kirkpatrick
Advisor: Dr. Schertz
Presentation Overview
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Introduction
Block Diagram
Functional Description
Design
Accomplishments
Complications
Conclusion
Introduction
•
•
•
•
•
Digital Train Controller
Local Computer Interface
User Input Instruction
Send Out Instruction
Train Moves
Block Diagram
User Input
Local
Instruction
Computer
Altered Input
Instruction
Functional Description
•
•
•
•
Input User Instructions
Decipher User Instructions
Alter Code Of Instructions
Send Out Instructions To Microprocessor
Design Flow Chart
User Input
Power
On
Switch
Speed
Off
Up
Track
Train
Go Back To User Input
Movement
Down
Forward
Reverse
Design
• Write Software To Draw Control Buttons
• Output The Appropriate Information For
The Corresponding Button Pressed
• Use MFC Library of C++
Design Control Buttons
• User Buttons
– Power On
– Power Off
– Switch Tracks
– Speed Up
– Speed Down
– Move Forward
– Move In Reverse
Accomplishments
• Buttons Were Created
• Buttons Are Active
• Buttons Are Either
– Functional
– Personal Constructors
Accomplishments
Accomplishments
Accomplishments
Accomplishments
Accomplishments
Accomplishments
Accomplishments
Accomplishments
Complications
• Sickness The First Several Weeks
• Slider Buttons
• Auto-creation Of Files In MFC
Auto-creation Example
Conclusion
• Buttons Are Created
• Basis For Button Implementation Created
• Need To Finish Button Implementation
Questions