Transcript File

Monday, June 6, 2016
ESL Level 3 Week 15
Announcements
• Final Exam exam tomorrow
• Wednesday: End of the semester party
• Thursday: Progress reports
Agenda
• Review of Units 13-22 for the final exam
• Grab a pink paper for final exam notes
Unit 13
• Can, could, be able to
1. He can speak French.
2. She can dance, but she can’t sing.
3. She could sing really well when she was a child.
4. We could ride bikes, but we couldn’t drive.
5. After my trip to Italy, I will be able to say a few things in Italian.
6. Soon, you’ll be able to write to me in English.
These are all natural or learned abilities (things you can do).
Unit 13
How do they form the negative modal?
(modal + not + base form)
How do we form questions?
(modal + subject + base form)
Use can or sometimes am/ is/ are able to for present ability.
I can dance salsa.
I can run 13 miles.
• Use can or will be able to for future ability when you are talking about plans or
arrangements.
I can buy the tickets tomorrow.
I’ll be able to buy the tickets tomorrow.
I can meet him on Friday.
I will be able to meet him on Friday.
Unit 13
• Use will be able to (but NOT can) to talk about things you learn.
• When I finish this course, I’ll be able to speak French well.
•
•
•
•
When I was four, I __________ speak two languages.
Which modal goes in the blank space for past abilities?
Use could/ was able to
Do NOT use could in affirmative statements for a single event in the past. Use
was/ were able to.
• It is possible to use couldn’t for single past events.
• I couldn’t pass the test.
• I wasn’t able to pass the test.
Unit 13
We use be able to when the ability to do something comes after a lot of
hard work.
French was difficult for me, but now I’m able to have a
conversation because I spent a year studying in France.
Mini quiz
• My brother _________ cook very well. He is a chef in a French
restaurant.
• When he was 2 years old, my friend Lee _____________ speak really
well.
• This telephone is terrible. I __________ hear you very well.
• My grandfather was one of he best musicians and he ___________
play the piano professionally.
• It started to rain yesterday, but we _________ finish playing the
baseball game.
Mini Quiz answers
• My brother __can____ cook very well. He is a chef in a French
restaurant.
• When he was 2 years old, my friend Lee __could_ speak really well.
• This telephone is terrible. I __can’t____ hear you very well.
• My grandfather was one of he best musicians and he ___could___
play the piano professionally.
• It started to rain yesterday, but we were able to finish playing the
baseball game.
Unit 14 Permission
• Can I borrow $5? (please)
• Could I borrow $5? (please)
• May I borrow $5? (please)
• Do they all have the same meaning?
• Use Do you mind if to ask permission when an action annoys or
inconveniences someone. (bothers)
• Do you mind if I turn up the TV?
• Do not use do you mind with please.
Unit 14 Permission
a) We usually use informal expressions instead of modals in answers.
Can
Sure.
Could
I close the door?
Of course.
May
Go ahead.
Certainly.
When we use a modal in the answer, we almost always use can. We do
NOT use could and we rarely use may in short answers.
A. Could I close the window?
B. Yes you can.
When we refuse permission, we usually apologize and give an
explanation.
Say: I’m sorry, but + explanation
Workbook pp.
Unit 15 Request
Can
Could
Will
you copy this report?
you copy this report please?
How would you respond?
Short answers: Sure. Certainly. Of course…
Negative answers: I’m sorry. I can’t because…
Would you mind copying this report?
Not at all. Of course not. (what is the meaning of this answer?)
I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to leave right after work.
Unit 16- Should/ ought to/ had better
• Should and ought to= it’s a good idea…
• You should go to the supermarket to get vegetables.
• You ought to go to the supermarket to get vegetables.
• You shouldn’t go to the supermarket to get vegetables.
• Maybe you should go to the supermarket to get vegetables.
• You had better study for the final exam.
• (if you don’t something bad will happen).
• You’d better study for the final exam. Who would say this?
• Should I eat this hamburger? (questions)
Mini Quiz
• My mother isn’t feeling well, so I told her that she ________ go to the
doctor.
• I need help, doctor. My baby doesn’t sleep well. What _________ I
do?
• I’m going to visit your country. Where _________ I go if I want to go
shopping?
• Dave loves coffee, but he _________ drink too much at night.
A. I think the teacher gave me the wrong grade.
B. Really? Maybe you _________ talk to her after class today.
• You _________ study for the final exam!
• My mother isn’t feeling well, so I told her that she ought to go to the
doctor.
• I need help, doctor. My baby doesn’t sleep well. What should I do?
• I’m going to visit your country. Where should I go if I want to go
shopping?
• Dave loves coffee, but he _shouldn’t drink too much at night.
A. I think the teacher gave me the wrong grade.
B. Really? Maybe you should talk to her after class today.
• You ‘d better study for the final exam!
Unit 19 review
• Adjectives describe nouns
• Adverbs describe 3 things:
1. Verbs
She speaks quickly.
2. Adjectives
Michael is really tall.
3. Adverbs
Jenny speaks very quietly.
• Adverbs of manner normally in the –ly form. (but adjectives can end in -ly
too).
• Adjectives can go before a noun or after a non-action verb.
• The movie seems interesting.
• Adverbs usually go after the verb.
• Adverbs go before the adjective or adverb it describes.
• If the verb has an object, the adverb goes after the object.
• She ate the soup slowly.
• I love that big old green car that is parked at the end of the street.
Opinion size age shape
color
origin material purpose noun as adjective
• (Early, fast, hard, late, wrong) Have the same adjective and adverb
forms.
• Not at all (after a verb or verb+ object)- They didn’t decorate (the
place) at all.
• Not at all (after or before an adjective or another verb)- It wasn’t nice
at all. It wasn’t at all nice.
• Participle adjectives with –ed and –ing.
-Ed
-ing
Person who has
the feeling
someone or something that causes a feeling
• Participial adjectives come from verbs and describe people that have
the feeling, or things or people who cause the feeling.
Verb
ed
ing
Excite
Excited
Exciting
Embarrass Embarrassed
Embarrassing
Surprise
Surprised
Surprising
Adjective or adverb?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
I am ________ tired. (terrible)
She sings ________. (good)
Mr. Jones read the letter _______. (quick)
Five cars were _________ damaged. (heavy)
Please read the instructions _________. (carefull)
The bus driver was ________. (angry)
The man drove too ________. (fast)
Nobody is ________. (Perfect)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
I am terribly tired. (terrible)
She sings well. (good)
Mr. Jones read the letter quickly. (quick)
Five cars were heavily damaged. (heavy)
Please read the instructions carefully. (careful)
The bus driver was angry. (angry)
The man drove too fast. (fast)
Nobody is perfect. (Perfect)
Unit 20
• This week was as crazy as last week.
• Starbucks is just as good as Dunkin’ Donuts.
• New York is not as beautiful as Boston.
• I am more tired than Mayra.
• Some comparative adjectives use the –er form.
• Jim is taller than John. (Tall)
• Level 3 is easier than Level 4. (easy)
Unit 20
• Irregular comparative forms:
little- less
far- farther/ further
• Long adjectives use less/ more:
crowded- more / less crowded
Varied- more/ less varied
• Some adjectives can use either –er or more
lovely- lovelier, more lovely
cruel- crueler, more cruel
A-11 for spelling rules
A-6 for a list of irregular comparative adjectives
A-5 for a list of adjectives that use both forms of the comparative
Unit 20
• Adjectives can be repeated to show increase or decrease
Prices are getting lower and lower.
At Crown Pizza, the menu is getting more and more varied.
The staff is becoming less and less professional.
Unit 20
• To use two comparative adjectives to show cause and effect:
The better the pizza, the higher the price.
Nouns are given in this example because the comparative adjectives
better and higher give information about different things: the pizza and
the price.
The fresher, the better.
There are no nouns because both adjectives give information about the
same thing: the ingredients.
Workbook pp. 120
Unit 21 Superlatives
• Superlatives compare one person, place, or thing with other people,
places, or things in a group. It should not be used to compare two
things.
• Luisa is the shortest person in the class.
• She is the most interesting teacher at Mount Sac.
• I am the least prepared for the test.
•
Unit 21
• It’s the safest city in the country.
• It’s one of the safest cities.
• It’s the safest city I’ve ever been to.
• It’s the second safest city.
• The ___ I study the ___ I know.
a. most/ least
b. More/ less
c. Much/ more
d. More/ least
• The ___ I study the ___ I know.
a. most/ least
b. More/ less
c. Much/ more
d. More/ least
• This exercise is ___ than the previous one.
a. Hardest
b. Harder
c. Hard
d. More hard
• This exercise is ___ than the previous one.
a. Hardest
b. Harder
c. Hard
d. More hard
• You are _______ teacher I have ever had.
a. the worse
b. better
c. the best
d. worst
• You are _______ teacher I have ever had.
a. the worse
b. better
c. the best
d. worst
• The world problems are getting ___ and ___ difficult to solve.
a. More/ more
b. Much/ much
c. Most/ most
d. Worse/ worse
• The world problems are getting ___ and ___ difficult to solve.
a. More/ more
b. Much/ much
c. Most/ most
d. Worse/ worse
• Bob is ___ than his brother.
a. Shyer
b. More shy
c. Shyest
d. As much shy
• Bob is ___ than his brother.
a. Shyer
b. More shy
c. Shyest
d. As much shy
• This time, he's made ___ mistakes.
a. Least
b. Fewer
c. Much
d. Fewest
• This time, he's made ___ mistakes.
a. Least
b. Fewer
c. Much
d. Fewest
• Who is ___, Mary or Jane?
a. Prettier
b. More pretty
c. Prettier
d. as pretty as
• Who is ___, Mary or Jane?
a. Prettier
b. More pretty
c. Prettier
d. as pretty as
Unit 22
• I ate my ice cream as quickly as my sister.
• Shaun runs just as quickly as Luisa.
• Tammy studies more seriously than Timmy.
• Jenny works the hardest of anyone I know.
Unit 22
• She runs the fastest of all the players.
• She runs the fastest of anyone on the team.
• She runs the fastest of all.
• She runs the fastest of the team.
What preposition is used in expressions that are used with the
superlative.
• He is working faster and faster.
• She has been playing more and more intensely.
• To use two comparative adverbs, show cause and effect…
Ex. The better she plays, the more she scores. (comparative adverbs)
Ex. The better the pizza, the higher the price. (comparative adjectives
Workbook pp. 131 and pp. 133
• Exercises 2 and 4