Transcript Infinitive/ ing-form/Participles

Infinitive/ ing-form/Participles
Forms of the Infinitive
 Verb

Tenses
he studies/he will study
 he is studying/will be studying
 he studied/ has studied/had
studied
he was studying/has been
studying/had been studying
Infinitive
to study
to be studying
to have studied
to have been
studying
Infinitive
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
The to –infinitive употребляется
для выражения цели e.g. She went to the
chemist’s to buy some aspirin.
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после определенных глаголов(advise,
agree, appear, decide, expect, hope, manage,
offer, promise, refuse, seem, teach, want, plan, etc
e.g. We decided to sell our car.
после would love, would like, would prefer e.g.
I’d love to see Taj Mahal one day.
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после прилагательных (happy, glad, sad,
clever, kind, lucky , fortunate) e.g. I was glad to
meet you.
после вопросительных слов (where, how,
what, who, which, but not “why) e.g. Has she told
you where to meet them? but I don’t why he left so
early.
после too/enough e.g. It isn’t warm enough to go
out without coat. It’s too spicy for me to eat.
после существительных e.g. It is pleasure to
work with you.
в конструкциях be+first/ second/ next/ last.etc
e.g. She was the first person to congratulate me
on my promotion.
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в устойчивых выражениях to tell you the
truth, to be honest, to sum up, to begin with etc.
e.g. To tell you the truth, I did it on my own.
Note if two to-infinitives are linked by and or or, the
to of the second infinitive can be omitted. e.g. I
would like to go and visit Kate at the weekends.
The infinitive without to is used
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после модальных глаголов can, could, may,
might, will, would, must, should, etc. e.g. You
must call your mother immediately.
после had better and would rather e.g. We had
better avoid the town centre because the traffic is
very heavy at the moment.
после глаголов let, make, see, hear, and feel.
e.g. She made her clean the room.
But: we use the to-infinitive after be made, be
heard, be seen, etc. (passive form).
e.g. She was made to clean her room.

help can be followed by either the to-infinitive or
the infinitive without to. e.g. She helped me (to)
paint the kid’s bedroom.
The - ing form is used

как существительное e.g. Smoking is
forbidden in this building.
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После глаголов: admit, appreciate, avoid,
consider, continue, deny, fancy, go (for
activities), imagine, mind (=object to), miss,
quit, save, suggest, practice, prevent, regret,
keep, continue, delay, enjoy, understand, etc.
e.g. They suggested eating out at the local Italian
restaurant.
после love, like, dislike, hate, enjoy, prefer,
e.g.
I love watching the sun set every evening.

 после
предлогов e.g. He was thinking of
getting a new job. They left without saying a
word.
 после глаголов hear, notice, listen, see,
watch to describe an incomplete action.
e.g. I saw him cross the bridge.
I saw him crossing the bridge.
в выражениях be busy, it’s no use, it’s no
good, it’s (not) worth, what’s the use of,
can’t help, there’s no point (in), can’t
stand, have difficulty (in), have trouble.
e.g. It’s no use calling him. He can’t hear.
Verbs taking the to-infinitive or the ing-form
with a change in meaning
 forget
+ to-inf = not remember
 Tom forgot to pay the electricity bill.
 forget + ing form = not recall
 She will never forget going to her first
party.
 remember
+ to-inf = not forget
 Did you remember to send the invitations?
 remember + ing form = recall
 I remember visiting this museum before.
 mean
+ to-inf = intend to
 We mean to complete the project by
December.
 mean + ing form = involve
 John is willing to attend a computer course
even if it means sacrificing his free time.
+to –inf = be sorry to ( it is normally
used in the present simple and is followed
by verbs such as say, tell, inform)
 I regret to inform you that you have failed.
 regret +ing form= feel sorry about
 She regrets buying such an expensive car.
 regret
 try
+ to = attempt, do one’s best
 They tried to fix the roof.
 regret +ing-form = do smth as an
experiment
 Why don’t you try using olive oil?
+ to –inf = stop to do smth else
 He stopped to smoke.
 stop + ing-form = finish, give up
 We stopped smoking.
 stop