Transcript -ER Verbs
Interaction Chapitre 1 – Structures I Some basics…. French verbs change to reflect their subject. Regular verbs change according to a pattern that makes them easily manageable. -Er verbs are the most common verbs in the French language. Making the verb agree… When making the verb agree with the subject, decide whether the subject is singular or plural and which “person” it is. First person – “I” or “we” Second person – “you” and “you” plural – “y’all” in the south! Third person – “he”, “she”, “it” or “they” In French… 1 2 3 Singular je tu il/elle Plural nous vous * ils/elles * “Vous” is also used to be polite whether talking to one person or more -ER verbs - the pattern.. Take the infinitive: jouer Take off the “-er” ending jou Add endings according to the following pattern: je tu il/elle -e -es -e nous vous ils/elles -ons -ez -ent For the verb “jouer” – je joue nous jouons tu joues vous jouez il/elle joue ils/ellesjouent In English – I play we play you play you play he/she plays they play All regular –er verbs follow this pattern in the present tense. You can conjugate a verb even if you do not know its meaning! The French have recently started using the verb “googler.” Apply the pattern… googler – to google je _________ nous ___________ tu __________ vous ___________ il/elle ________ ils/elles __________ Note: In French, “je google” covers all of the following in English: I google I am googling I do google To make the negative… In French, you put ne….. pas around the verb to negate: Je mange. = I eat Je ne mange pas. = I don’t eat/am not eating “On” The pronoun “on” is used a lot in French, especially informal spoken French. It means “one” as in “you”, “people”, “we”. Verbs used with “on” have the same ending as verbs used with “il/elle” - il parle/ on parle Some –er verbs with quirks… When conjugating some –er verbs, the stem changes slightly for pronunciation reasons. These verbs are called “stem-changing” verbs. é to è préférer – to prefer * The first é is NOT affected!! • The “nous” and “vous” forms are not affected – giving the “boot” shape. • je préfère nous préférons • tupréfères vouspréférez • il préfère ils préfèrent l to ll appeler – to call j’appelle tu appelles il appelle nous appelons vous appelez ils appellent e to è acheter – to buy j’achète tu achètes il achète nous achetons vous achetez ils achètent y to i payer – to pay je paie tu paies il paie nous payons vous payez ils paient t - tt jeter – to throw je jette tu jettes il jette nous jetons vous jetez ils jettent Other changes Some verbs change their stem but there is no “boot” shape. Only the “nous” form is affected” g to ge - manger nous mangeons c to ç - commencer nous commençons À vous… Je ________ la balleàmon frère. (jeter) Nous ___________ de la glace. (manger) Jean-Paul _________ du pain. (acheter) Moi et ma mère __________. (payer) Vous ________ le vinblanc. (préférer) Marie et Philippe m’_________. (appeler) The imperative To make the imperative (command form) of –er verbs, just use the verb with no subject: Vous jouez - Jouez! Play! Nous jouons - Jouons! Let’s play! BUT in –er verbs you must leave off the “s” for the “tu” form – Tu joues - Joue! Play! Negative To give a negative command (Don’t do it!), put ne… pas around the verb: Mange ta soupe! Ne mange pas de gâteau! Some irregular verbs… Some verbs – mostly very common verbs – do not follow a strict pattern and must be learned. To learn a verb: look at it, say it, copy it, try to reproduce it without looking. Review regularly! Learning present tense forms is an important base for future work because many tenses ( the imperfect, for example) are formed using the present tense as a base. The four basic verbs… The first four irregular verbs studied are the basics to communication – être – to be avoir – to have aller – to go faire – to do, to make “Être ou ne pas être: telle est la question.” William Shakespeare Être – to be je suis (I am) tu es (you are) il est (he is) elle est (she is) on est nous sommes (we are) vous êtes (you are) ils sont (they are) elles sont (they are) Imperative: sois, soyons, soyez Avoir – to have j’ai (I have) tu as (you have) il a (he has) elle a (she has) on a nous avons(we have) vous avez(you have) ils ont(they have) elles ont(they have) Imperative: aie, ayons, ayez Aller – to go je vais( I go) tu vas (you go) il va (he goes) elle va (she goes) on va nous allons(we go) vous allez(you go) ils vont(they go) elles vont(they go) Imperative: va, allons, allez Note:Vas-y! (Has “s” for pronunciation) Faire – to do, to make je fais (I do) tu fais (you do) il fait (he/it does) elle fait (she/it does) on fait nous faisons (we do) vous faites (you do) ils font (they do) elles font (they do) Imperative: fais, faisons, faites Aller and faire with Infinitives Aller + infinitif To be going to + infinitive Subject Aller Infinitive Je vais acheter I am going to buy Predicate du lait. some milk. Nous We un film. a film allons voir are going to see Faire + Infinitive To have/get something done… Subject Je Faire fais Infinitive Predicate préparer le repas. (I am having the meal prepared.)