Transcript Grammar Workshop PPT

Year 1 : simple sentences and
beginning to use compound
sentences using simple
connectives such as ‘and’.
Year 2 : simple sentences and
compound sentences using a
wider range of connectives.
Year 3 and 4 : simple,
compound sentence and
starting to write complex
sentences.
Year 5 : simple, compound and
complex sentences.
Year 6 : confident user of all
sentence types and able to
position clauses for effect.
Examples of the
different sentence
types.
Simple sentence: She
was reading a book.
Compound sentence:
She was reading a book
and she fell asleep.
Complex sentence:
As it was her
homework, she was
reading a book.
It is a written unit of language that must make
sense on its own; has a capital letter at the
beginning and must show demarcation at the end
( . ? ! …).
What is a sentence?
There are 3 types of sentence
The simple sentence
The compound sentence
The complex sentence
Why are there 3 types of
sentence?
A good writer varies the type of sentences that they
use. There should be some long sentences and
some short sentences. Too many simple sentences
will make writing boring and difficult to read! You
know what they say ‘variety is the spice of life’.
The simple sentence
A simple sentence is called a
simple sentence because it
is made from only 1 clause.
But what is a
clause?
1 CLAUSE=
1 SUBJECT + 1
VERB
What is a subject?
A subject is always
a noun.
So why call them subjects?
The subject of a sentence is always the noun that is
doing something! Any other noun is called an object.
e.g. The cat ran across the road.
There are 2 nouns in this sentence,
but which one is doing something?
The verb
A verb is an action or a doing word . It is
also a state of being.
e.g. run, laugh, tickle, think
(you can always put the word “to” in front of them)
State of being: words that tell us about the
subject’s state.
e.g. is, was, has
Identify the word types
in the sentences on
your hand-out.
Writing simple sentences.
Once the children have mastered
the simple sentence; they can use
this knowledge to build compound
and complex sentences.
This is because the knowledge of
sentence structure all stems from
a clause.
The compound
sentence
How many clauses do you
think there are in a
compound sentence?
2 CLAUSES=
2 SUBJECTS +
2 VERBS
I like shoes.
I love handbags.
The compound sentence
I like shoes and
I love handbags.
A compound sentence is essentially 2 simple
sentences joined together using a
connective. Each idea is equal in a
compound sentence.
Other connectives used in a compound
sentence are or, but & because
Please discourage children from starting
sentences with and, but or because.
, but
When using but in a compound
sentence, you must always
remember to put a comma before it.
A COMMON MISTAKE MADE WHEN
WRITING COMPOUND SENTENCES IS THE
COMMA SPLICE.
The comma splice occurs
when the writer tries to stick
together 2 clauses in a
sentence without using a
connective.
COMMA-SPLICE
e.g.
I like shoes, I love handbags. (mistake)
I like shoes and I love handbags. (correct)
I like shoes ; I love handbags. (correct)
COMMA SPLICE OR
CORRECT?
The young boy
turned the handle
slowly, he entered
the room cautiously.
COMMA
SPLICE!
Writing compound sentences.
THE COMPLEX SENTENCE
The complex sentence, once mastered,
is the sentence that can have a great
impact on the quality of writing.
Unlike the compound sentence, the
ideas in the complex sentence are not
equal. The writer is able to make a
choice about which idea they would like
to emphasise.
Her heart pounded. She ran.
Her heart pounded and she
ran.
Her heart pounded as she ran.
THE COMPLEX
SENTENCE
Her heart pounded as she ran.
Her heart pounded
MAIN CLAUSE (makes sense on its own and
could be a simple sentence)
as she ran.
SUBORDINATE CLAUSE (does not stand alone as
a sentence)
THE COMPLEX
SENTENCE
Her heart pounded as she ran.
,
As she ran her heart pounded.
You can move the subordinate clause to the
beginning of the sentence depending on
which idea you want to emphasise. But, if
you do decide to put the subordinate clause
first, you should use a comma to separate
the clauses.
SUBORDINATING
CONNECTIVES
as
if
at
so
when
until
while
before
When learning about the complex
sentence, it is very important that
children remember the subordinate
connectives.
This knowledge is crucial as it
enables them to able to identify and
write complex sentences
independently.
Writing complex sentences.
Adverbial Phrases
Adverbial phrases are added to
sentences to provide information about
time, manner and place. They are always
followed by a comma.
When?
Where?
How?
When?
At three o’clock,
As the sun rose,
As the man stood up,
Until they went to school,
Before he could utter a word,
While sitting patiently,
For several minutes,
Twice a year,
Where?
Adverbials of place often contain
prepositions:
In the corner of the room,
At the top of the hill,
Slotted between the bookcase,
Towards Paris,
In Wycombe,
How?
Adverbials of manner can be one word (adverb):
Silently,
Cautiously,
Adverbial phrase:
With tears in her eyes,
At a fast trot,
In a leisurely way,
Now that you know all about sentence
structure, devise a paragraph to
describe the events linked to the
following image.
Remember to vary your sentence
structure and to use adverbial phrases.
You may want to use a short simple
sentence for effect.