Transcript Direct Objects

Sit/Set Lie/Lay Rise/Raise
 To sit: means to rest
 To set: means to place or to put
 Forms:
Infinitive
Present
Past
To sit
To set
sit(s)
set(s)
sat
set
Present
Past
Participle Participle
sitting
(had) sat
setting
(had) set
A. Both sit and set are irregular verbs and must be
learned.
Irregular Verbs do not add “ed” to the past
tense (fall-fell). Usually the past tense and the
past participle form are not the same (spokespoken)
Examples:
Infinitive
Present
Past
Past Participle
to run
run(s)
ran
(had) run
to know
know(s)
knew
(had) known
to bring
bring(s) brought (had) brought
B. Set requires a direct object (in most cases)
Examples:
 He is (sitting / setting) on the porch.
 There is no direct object in the sentence. Thus
sitting is used. In addition, resting can be inserted
for sitting.
 The librarian (sit / set) the books down.
 Because books is the direct object, the answer has to
be set. In addition, put can be inserted for set.
Unfortunately, there are times when to set will NOT have
a direct object. Give full attention to the meaning of
place or put. If placed can be inserted for set, use a form
of to set.
Unfortunately, there are times when to set
will NOT have a direct object. Give full
attention to the meaning of place or put.
If placed can be inserted for set, use a form
of to set.
Example:
Fried chicken had been (sat, set) in the basket.
placed
 To rise: means to go up (without help)
 To raise: means to go up (with help)
Infinitive
Present
To rise
To raise
rise(s)
raise(s)
Past
Present
Past
Participle Participle
rose rising
(had) risen
raised raising (had) raised
A. To rise is an irregular verb; its forms need to be
mastered.
To raise is a regular verb.
B. Raise requires a direct object.
Examples:
The sourdough bread is (rising / raising).
D.O.
The charity organization (rose / raised) money for
the needy.
The flag had been (risen / raised) at sunrise.
 To lie: means to rest or recline
 To lay: means to place or to put
(has, have, had)
Infinitive
Present
Past
Present
Past
Participle Participle
To lie
lie(s)
lay
lying
(had) lain
To lay
lay(s)
laid
laying
(had) laid
Lie/lay is one of the most difficult concepts in English.
The past tense of to lie and the present tense of to lay
are the same.
A. Lie/lay is an irregular verb and must be mastered.
B. Lay will have a direct object.
Examples:
A pig is (lying / laying) in the mud.
D.O.
Adv.
We (lay / laid) the envelope on your desk yesterday.
To lay means to place. You can insert placed for laid
in the sentence without changing its meaning. Thus
in some cases, direct objects will be missing.
Cross out any prepositional phrases. Underline the
subject once and the verb/verb phrase twice. Label any
direct object(s) D.O. above the word(s).
1. She often (lies / lays) in the hammock to read.
2. The farmer’s daughter (rose / raised) a pig for
her project.
3. Candace (lay / laid) tile in the bathroom.
4. Our mail was (lying / laying) on the kitchen
counter.
5. Have you (sat/ set) there long?
6. Every afternoon, the retired man (lies / lays) by
the pool.
7. The crowd (rose / raised) its voice in protest.
8. Waiter (sits / sets) his lunch by the door each
evening.
9. We had been (rising / raising) early.
10. Father (lay / laid) the infant in the crib.
11. Your paper is (lying / laying) by the front door.
12. She (sat / set) quietly on the red velvet chair.
13. The volunteer fire company (rose / raised) money
for a new engine.
14. Aunt Robyn (sits / sets) for a daily meditation.
15. The clerk (lay / laid) my package on the counter.
 Cross out any prepositional phrase. Underline the subject once and the
verb twice. Label any direct object(s) D.O. above the word.
1. The race car driver (sat / set) the keys on the
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
hood of the car.
A gray horse was (lying / laying) in an open
meadow.
We (sit / set) down to eat lunch.
Smoke (rose / raised) up the chimney.
The baker (sat / set) the pie in the pantry.
Applesauce bread was (rising / raising).
Martin (sits / sets) his toothbrush in the
medicine cabinet.
8. The sun had (risen / raised) at six o’clock.
Did Hannah (sit / set) the record for the long jump?
10. Our spaniel has (lain / laid) in that spot all afternoon.
11. My dance partner (sits / sets) next to me in science
class.
12. We (lay / laid) the records on the stereo cabinet.
13. A famous clothes designer was (sitting / setting)
among many guest.
14. Prices of shoes and socks have (risen / raised) in the
last year.
15. Mother and Dad (lay / laid) towels by the pool.
9.